Parental Involvement In Education, Common Parenting And Child Behavior

In most cultures, rearing children be equaled to maternal involvement, rearing children is the woman'responsibility, but father only responsible for the financial support. The trend is significant in Chinese, the sex role is: male is responsible for the financial and female for the daily care, emotion and rearing. As we approach the 21st century, social changes are forcing adjustments in both popular and scholarly conceptualizations of fathers, mothers, and families. Father involve in the child rearing together with mother. Studies on parenting have typically concentrated only on mother's influence, and father's effect has been neglected in the past. The couple relationship is closely associated with parenting and child adjustment, but the marital relationship will be far away from explaining the actual effects. Coparenting relationship is a different kind of structure from marital or couple relationship. Researches show that father involvement has significant influence, and coparenting has direct or indirect influence child outcome.The research primarily focused on studying the natures of father involvement, maternal involvement and coparenting, the relations of child rearing involvement, coparenting and child outcome . 700 youth children and their parents were investigated for the measures of the questionnaire. The main results were as followed:1. Father involvement consisted of five aspects and the order from more to less is: (a) indirect support, (b) emotional support, (c) school encouragement, (d) regulation, (e) discipline and interaction. On the discipline and interaction, regulation and emotional support dimensions, the high socio-ecnomic status father more often involved.2. Mother involvement consisted of three aspects and the order from more to less is: (a) behavior discipline, (b) care taking and (c) rearing interaction. On the behavior discipline, rearing and interaction dimensions, the high socio-ecnomic status mother more often involved. Every dimension of mother's involvement was not variated in terms of children's sex and grade.3. There exists coparenting behavior between father and mother. Both father and mother have more supportive coparenting behavior than unsupportive coparenting behavior. The T-tests indicated that supportive coparenting behavior of mother higher than father's, but there was no difference in unsupportive coparenting behavior. High socio-ecnomic status mother's supportive coparenting behavior was higher than the low.4. Father's supportive coparenting positively predict children's school-related social competence significantly, negatively predict children's learning problems significantly. Father's unsupportive coparenting negatively predict children's learning problems.5. Mother's rearing interaction positively predict children's school-related social competence significantly, in other words, mother involved more often rearing interaction, children's school-related social competence was higher. Mother's behavior discipline negatively predict children's internalizing problems and learning problems. Moreover, mother's supportive coparenting behavior positively predict children's school-related social competence significantly, and negatively predict children's learning problems.6. The correlations showed that every aspect of father involvement positively related to mother's supportive coparenting behavior, and every aspects of mother involvement positively related to father'supportive coparenting behavior. Mother's unsupportive coparenting behavior positively related to father's indirect support, and father's unsupportive coparenting behavior negatively related to mother's behavior discipline.7. The regression analyses indicated that the effect of mother's behavior discipline on children's learning problems were significantly mediated by father's coparenting behavior.