The Impact Of Exercise On Human Bone Health

In recent years, with the further research work on therelationship between exercise and osteoporosis, some studiessuggest that high-intensity resistant and systematic trainingprogram could maximize peak bone mineral density (in the period ofbone mass increase) and retard bone mass loss (in the period ofbone mass decrease). But, the effects of various non-systematicexercise modes on peak bone mineral density and loss of bonemass scarcely have been studied, and the results have causedmuch controversy. The influences of Chinese traditional sports──wushu and qigong pending further research. Single photonabsorptionetry (SPA) for BMD, measures of standard physicalfitness indexes, questionnaire and mathematical analysis wereapplied in the research. 1603 undergraduates from South-ChinaTeachers University and Zhongshan College, old people atrecreation center of veteran cadres and social people whose radiusBMD had been measured were recruited to participate in the studyHaving analyzed the data of BMD combined with exercise modes,we found:1. Both systematic and non-systematic exercise playedimportant roles in healthiness of human bones. And exercise couldminimize incidence of bone fracture by increasing peak bonemineral density, retarding the speed of body's bone loss andmaintaining body balance.- 3 - /~4Li~~2.Chinese traditional sports had various effects on healthiness of bones. Taijiquan could reduce speed of bone loss effectively, and wushu (not including taijiquan) could increase the peak bone mineral density. But, we hadn't found the positive functions from qigong.3.In the period of bone loss, exercise cooperating with Ca-supplement had greater prevention effect than exercise alone did. The difference between two groups doesn't have statistical significance (P>O.05).4.The indexes of physical fitness were correlated with the values of BMD. Grip strength and grip strength/height of young men, body fat and thickness of arm fat of young women, chest girth and Verwaeck index of old men as well as grip strength and grip strength/height of old women were strongly correlated with their non-dominant hands' radius BMD respectively.5.To build characteristic model of excellent bone health people, we have accumulated a lot of people who have high BMD in the periods of bone loss and bone increase. The results of gradual regression analyses for 23 primitive indexes shown: grip strength, hip girth/height and thickness of upper back fat were effective indexes in BMD of young men; Grip, waist girth/height, chest girth/height and capacity of balance were effective indexes in young women; Grip strength, waist girth, hip girth/height and grip strength/heitht indexes were effective indexes in old men; grip strength and waist girth were effective indexes in old women.6.In the period of bone mass increase, the exercise mode which could heighten the values of grip strength and hip girth/height variables, and lower the value of thickness of upper back fat variable is an effective way maximizing peak bone mineral density in men; The exercise mode which could heighten the values of grip strength and waist girth/height variables, and lower the values of chest girth/height and capacity of balance variables is probably an effective way maximizing peak BMD in women. In the period of bone mass loss, the exercise mode which could heighten the values of grip strength and waist girth variables, and lower the-4-values of hip girth/height and grip strength/height variables is an effective way retarding bone mass loss in men; The exercise mode which could heighten the value of height variable and lower the value of waist girth variable is an effective way retarding bone mass loss in women.7.The exercise prescription of preventing osteoporosis is higher intensity exercise no less than half an hour every time and no less than three times per week. And effective ways which could improve bone health should be...