A Study On The Impact Of Tourism Participation On Women 's Family Status In Ethnic Communities

Tourism has become an indispensable element of modern life and the pursuit of returning to an original life has become the consensus of the people. In such a background, ethnic community tourism is sprouting. Diverse geographical environment in our country create numerous ethnic minorities, these ethnic minorities have distinctive way of life and splendid culture. All of these provide rich material for ethnic community tourism. Extensive demands combine with abundant resources contribute to the vigorous development of ethnic community tourism. Women as the major participants of ethnic community tourism have experienced comprehensive changes from thoughts to actions when they go from the family field to the public field. How are their lives after participant in tourism? Whether they obtain the proper family status? These are all worth studying. The development of women matters the harmonious development of community tourism and the heritage protection of national cultural.In a society that organized in family, women’s family status is a microcosm of women status and a mirror of the gender equality. The study of women’s family status in ethnic tourism community will help to promote gender equality in ethnic community. As rural community, ethnic tourism community is deeply influenced by traditional gender concept, but women become the major participants after the communities explore tourism. So the effect of tourism on women’s family status in ethnic communities compared to the city communities is more profound and outstanding and can better reflect the influence of tourism on women’s development. To study the impact of ethnic community tourism on women’s family status can help us to understand the current situation of women’s family status and community tourism. We can provide guidance to promote women’s development and make contributions to community tourism development.We have selected Ping’an Zhuang village in Guangxi province, Zhaoxing Dong village and Qianhu Miao village in Guizhou province as cases. These cases involve three minorities, Miao, Zhuang, Dong and.213 valid questionnaires were collected. Use literature analysis, field investigation, statistical analysis, structural equation model and other methods to do the study.Using Excel to build changing graphs between the women family status and demographic characteristics or between women family status and tourism participation condition. The results show that the increase of personal’s annual income, household annual income and education is beneficial to the promotion of women’s family status. But with the increase of age, women’s family status tends to reduce and there is a big difference on each dimension of women’s family status between the young or middle-aged women and older women. The women participate in tourism have the higher family status than the women not. For the women participate in tourism, all of dimension scores are higher than women not participate in tourism except for gender roles dimension, which is slightly lower than women who was not involved in tourism. From the point of tourism participation time, the family status scores of women participate in tourism no matter how long is higher than the women not, and they form two distinct classes. As the tourism participation time increase, so do family status scores, but the scores have little differences. The two points below 1 year and 6-10 years become turning points on different dimensions of women’s family status. From the point of tourism job, because the main groups’ age of different types of tourism job have a big difference, the tourism work and age affect women’s family status together. Even so, the women participate in the tourism compared with the women not still have the higher scores.Use SPSS to do clustering analysis for all the respondents. Cluster variables are average scores of each dimension. All of the women can be divided into four categories, power type, strengths type, attachment type and weakness type. Use crosstabs to analyze women’s demographic characteristics and tourism participation situation of different types. Power type women have a high education, a high proportion of household income and a young age. Strengths women also have a high income, a high tourism participation degree and an old age. Weakness Type women have low education degree, low income and low participation levels, but they are older. Attachment type women are transition type from weakness to strengths. Comparing three ethnic villages that have different tourism development degree, Zhaoxing Dong village, Ping’ an Zhuang village and Qianhu Miao village, we can conclude that the ethnic village which has high tourism development degree will have the high women family status.Build a Structural Equation Modeling about the impact of tourism participation on family status with AMOS 17.0. Use income satisfaction, gender roles, family power, personal consumption, personal independence and personal social contact as observational variables of family status and tourism participation time, tourism job, personal annul income as observational variables of tourist participation. Results show that the tourism participation has a positive significant influence on women’s family status.The innovation of this paper include the following:1. Choose three ethnic communities as cases and respondents are from three minorities.2. Combined with existing studies and ethnic community conditions to design questionnaire.3. Use a variety of methods to quantify the influence of tourism participation on women’s family status.4. The conclusion shows that women of high tourism participation degree have high family status than the women of low tourism participation degree. The women in ethnic village which has high tourism development degree will have the high family status.