Social Constraints Of Power

Power is the important social phenomenon existing in the human society. However, if power can't be restricted effectively, it will be abused and produce corruption, this has been proved by power operation practice of different social system already. So, we must carry on supervision effectively to restrict power. In history, as for the restriction on power, it has formed restrain power from power, restrain power by morals, restrain power by law, etc. Among them, the most influential form of power restrains is restricting power by power, but this kind of power restrains mainly confining to the national political life field, it has ignored the supervision and restriction function on power of social forces outside the field of national political life. As one kind of power restrain mode, restricting on power by society ought to play a positive role in the power restriction course as a new kind of power restriction route.Study the restricting on power by the society, need to analyze the intension of power and the society and inherent relation between them at first. On the basis of the analysis of the intension of power and society, this article discussed the inherent relations between them, which is that the power stemming from the society, the society determines power;the society not only need power but also needs to resist the erosion of power;power socializing is the inexorable trend during the human social development. Social force is a kind of non- political strength, and power is rose from society in order to safeguard a kind of political strength of social common interests, the two depend on each other. Social force is a solid protective screen of preventing power from degenerating. Therefore, we can't ignore the position and function in power restriction of social force.Thought of power -restriction by Society can trace back to Montesquieu, whose understanding of restriction on power by society is utilizing one society, which have noble of stratum, to check and balance power in order to maintain freedom. French thinker D'alexis de tocqueville propose the thought restrictionon power by society clearly. American political thinker home Robert ? Dahl restrain bring the thought of power -restriction from society up to a new height. In Dahl's view, society's restriction on power is adopting and giving play to the role of independent social organization, through participate in politic to check and balance government power on behalf of people, and to minimize the government's coercion, ensure political freedom, improve life of people. Classic Marxism author advocate, give play to society's restriction function on power actively, too. They think that society's restriction on power is people's restriction on power in essence. Synthesize the rational composition in various views, we think that power-restriction from society is social strength, outside of the national political rights system, such as individual of citizen, the organization of public organization, news media, to carried on supervision and restriction to state power through various route. The society restrains power from having distinct characteristics such as extensive, openness, flexibility, timeliness, etc. Therefore, the function of society's restrain on power can't be substituted by any other form of power restrains.Principles of sovereign right of people and theory of citizen's social, offer the solid theory for restriction on power by society. Utilizing social forces to restrain state power is the scientific judgement, which we have obtained from summarizing China and Western historical experience too. Historically speaking, by making the society's independence from the state gradually, the western has realized the strong restriction on state power from the society, and has promoted the development of western political civilization from this;In our country, have brought very great danger because the society is unable to restrict state power. As for the practical foundation, from the establishment and completion of market economic system, the development of socialist democratic politics, and the construction of the socialist harmonious society, all demand to give play to the role of restriction on power by the society objectively.In our country, in order to realize the restriction on state power by society,we should make inherently the relation among the party , state and the society firstly, insist and consolidate the leading-ship of the party, keep the relative independence of country and the society. Secondly, we should put forth our effort to foster a ripe, rational and autonomic civil society, through developing citizen's right, foster the plural social organization, expand efforts of supervision by public opinion. Finally, in order to realize the society's participation into the awarding of power progressively, and supervise and restrict the power's operating course and result, through implementing citizen's right to vote in an all-round way, setting up and amplify routes such as the responsibility system, etc.