Qing Dynasty Beijing Tibetan Buddhist Temples In History To Do With The Repair System Miscellaneous Research

In 13th century, Beijing became the capital of Yuan Dynasty, which was a unified multi-ethnic dynasty. From then on, the construction history of Beijing Tibetan Buddhist temples was associated with the development of the city. In a period for nearly eight centuries, Beijing left a large number of Tibetan Buddhism relics, some of which had become an important part of the urban landscape. As a result, historical scholars paid more attention to them.Faced on this subject, Scholars focused on different aspects. Previous studies can be distinguished into three research ideas According to spatial scale. Among them, one was based on the individual, another was based on complex, and the third was a methodology based on holism. This article combined these three ideas, investigated the history process of building and repairing, and other related issues of Beijing Tibetan Buddhist temples which built in the Qing(清)Dynasty,some issues dated back to Yuan(元)and Ming(明)Dynasties. The author hopes this article can be breakthrough in the study of specific issues. The materials used in this article included Beijing local records, Yan xing lu(燕行录)literature, and archival material of the Imperial Household(内务府)during Qianlong(乾隆)periods(1736-1795)The construction history of Tibetan Buddhist Temples in Beijing can date back to Yuan Dynasty. During Yuan and Ming Dynasties(1276-1644),a large number of Tibetan Buddhist Temples was built by the Royalty and nobility,some of which Survived to the early Qing. These Tibetan Buddhist Temples provided a material and cultural foundation to Qing Dynasty. Chapter 1 focused mainly on Description of this background, at the same time, showed the historical events and buildings of Great ci'en si(大慈恩寺)in Beijing, Ming Dynasty, by textual research, accomplished as the perspective of individual study.In early Qing Dynasty, Tibetan Buddhism was prosperous in Beijing. The emergence of such a scene had much to do with the ruler's policy that promoting Gelugpa(黄教)of Tibetan Buddhism in order to pacify and control Mongolian tribes,which became an important background of the Tibetan Buddhist temples'contraction. Chapter 2 gave the readers a panoramic overview of the background.From the methodology of buildings complex, Chapter 3 investigate the building time of Song zhu si(嵩祝寺)complex and temples that conversed from Emperors or Wales'former residence,other related issues were also be discussed.In early Qing Dynasty(1644-1722), the build of Tibetan Buddhist temples in Beijing was closely related with the personal influence of Mongolian and Tibetan monks. Many well-known temples were built in their request. Chapter 4 highlighted the characters which contributed to the build of Tibetan Buddhist Temples and researched their deeds by textual criticism.In Chapter 5, the author took Tibetan Buddhist temples of the whole city as studying object. This chapter investigated the system of restoration in early and middle Qing Dynasty (mainly in 1736-1795) and tried to analyze the significance in economic history and system development.