| After "Eight King chaos" and "Yong Jia Rebellion", the dynasty in ancient China~Xi Jin collapsed. At the same time, the minorities—Hun, Xianbei, Jie, Di, Qiang which had moved into the internal territory set up many separated regimes, known as "Five Minorities and Sixteen Regimes". The regime—Hou Qin built by Qiang ethnic minority was one of them.Qiang is an ethnic minority with a long history. From ancient tales and historical documents, it all can reflect that the close relationship between Qiang and central plains. At the age of pre-Qin , fames about "Helping Da Yu to prohibit floods" ;the large number of documents about oracle with "Cutting Qiang" in Shang dynasty ; "the moving to east area by Ping King" ;at the Qin and Han dynasty, "Officer dealt with Qiang things"was established, the large scale outbreak of "Qiang Rebellion", which are good evidence.Yao Qiang is a branch of Xi Qiang—Shao Dang Qiang descendents. Shao Dang Qiang became the leader in He Huang area because they lived in—large and small plains between valleys where the climate is better than other tribes. Since the Han dynasty, on the effects of various factors, Yao Qing started migrating to the central plains. Under the rule of Yao Yi Zhong, Yao Qiang entered into the "Guan Long belt", and become the objects which many political forces wanted to control and use. After that, their tribes were moved to the "Guang Dong belt" stationed in a key military place, and acted as an "important arm" of Shi Zhao regime. From He Huang area to the central plains region, the groups of Yao Qiang military strength were growing gradually, and their own Chinese culture also were improving gradually.Not handling properly about the problem of successor by the Shi Zhao ruler in the last years, the political situation in Guang Dong was not steady. "Liang Du Rebellion" and "Ran Ming Rebellion" occurred one after another. Yao tribe played a key role in suppressing the rebellions. For that, the status of Yao tribe was enhanced in Shi Zhao regime. However, Yao tribe must make a difficult choice that where to go when Shi Zhao was breakdown. After that, first, Yao tribe stayed in Dong Jin dynasty for some time, and later moved to the south and the north of the Yellow River, ultimately was defeated by Qian Qin regime and surrender to it. From the appearance, Yao looks like that was got rid of political stage. In fact, it entered a new circle in latency time.After Fei Shui war, Fu Jian regime was defeated absolutely. Yao Chang grasped the opportunity, supported by the han landlords and the minority leaders, and turned against Fu Qin openly. In A.D.384, Yao Chang named himself as Big General, Big Chan Yu ,Thousand Years Qin King, and called the year—Bai Que. It was the symbol of the foundation of Hou Qin regime. Yao Qin took the advantage of "the big group army camp" and '"many other little group army camp", with the military strategy—"control Ling Bei first, then the next aim is Guan Zhong ",by this way ,Yao tribe defeated the lack of anti—armies completely and cemented the new regime.During the rule of Yao Xing, in the political and economic field, to displace the persons homeless, to release the slaves, to reduce the brutal laws, to control the big landlords; in the culture field, to recommend Confucianism and Buddhism; in the military field, to enlarge boundaries, to establish "military town"; in the diplomatic field, to adopt different policy according to the different region. But the complex of the political situation and the ruler's faults, at last, Yao Qin regime was conquered by Dong Jin dynasty in A.D.417.Above all, Yao Qin regime was being only for 34 years. However, when we have to recovery his roots, it is far more than that. |
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