Functional Vision, Speech Act Theory

Speech Act Theory is one of the core pragmatics theories. But these years, the study of this theory concerns of its constitution and neglects the essence of speech act——the intention or purpose. Based on the study of J.L. Austin, J.R. Searle's Speech Act Theory and functional linguistics, this article selected speech act as the study object, function as an entry point, emphasized on the intention of speech act function, is trying to improve the function of language and configure Speech Act Theory.The whole article is divided into the following six Chapters. Besides the introduction and ending, there are four chapters.Chapter I: the criticism of modern related language theory, which includes the reflection of Speech Act Theory and function linguistics, as well as the thinking of function language, which is topic foundation and systematic introduction of this theory.Chapter II: the foundation of Austin's Speech Act Theory. This chapter is divided into four sections which introduces the produce and formation of this theory: Performatives,Declarative sentence, the classification of performatives, explicit and implicit performatives, and then to the Speech Act Theory—the well-known three parts of speech act.Chapter III: the development of Speech Act Theory. This chapter introduces the prophase of Searle's Speech Act Theory; he inherited and criticized his teacher Austin's theory. At the same time he developed his own Speech Act Theory: a more detailed conduct of speech act, he devoted to intention act and made the classification criteria, he also put forward the indirect Speech Act Theory. Searle's efforts and achievements made the first Speech Act Theory can be perfected.Chapter IV: the research based on Speech Act Theory in the perspective of intent purpose. This chapter is divided into two sections: from intended act to intention (elicitation of the late J. R. Searle's related theories, as well as the Speech Act Theory in function.) First of all, this part introduced the intention theory, demonstrated the functional value of behavior intention to build the system. It extended the intended act to the intention; intention is a speaker's one of the signal characteristics, the intention existed as the words, for the intention of the use of discourse analysis to lay the foundation for all. Secondly, this part argued that aim is the function of the purpose; function is the purpose of the intention. Therefore, it configured the Speech Act Theory in the core of the speaker's intention.Ending is a Conclusion. This part summed up the full text,on the other hand it proposed that the speech act is the existence of people, including thinking, evaluation, determination and so on. On this basis, some combined theories will be get—Linguistics and Philosophy of Linguistics. At the same time, the speech act theory is leaded into a broader study of space. Therefore, it opened up new areas of research for the language.