| Propaganda was an important impetus to the process of Political Campaign to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, which called people's attention to Korean War, then prompted them to support the fight in Korea. The propaganda in initial period of the campaign (by the end of Fifth Campaign in War) was especially large in scale, having various types and the greatest research value. Communication science always attaches weight to wartime propaganda, because in the violent condition of wars, propaganda shows its characteristics and rules more obviously. And the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was also special for its overseas nature, by which the domestic mobilization to support combat was made to be quite urgent.In this thesis I choose People's Daily, the official newspaper of Central Committee of the CCP, as well as the leading force in New China's propaganda network, as my microexamination sample, then analyze the propaganda (communication) of initial period of Political Campaign to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, using the theories of communication, related knowledge of journalism, psychology and so on. The aim of this study is to understand the history of CPC's party newspaper deeply, which has been playing its role so far, then provide useful experience and lessons for this mass media, and even for the other forms of propaganda. Through the study of the contents and communication process of People's Daily and literature search, this essay summarizes the following propaganda characteristics:Before the beginning of large-scale propaganda, the newspaper brought Korean War into audience's attention, as a "warm-up" for propaganda with larger scale. This was the propaganda at cognition, emphasizing on "what to think". Whereas, it was more important to influence "how to think", that was the propaganda at attitude. By reporting that US intruded Taiwan Strait and Northeast China, People's Daily demonstrated the necessity of going to war, in order to win public support. By contrasting US with Korea in history and reality, and taking advantage of the hostility towards Japan among Chinese people, the rationality of attending the war was increased. By chanting "the loveliest" in model reports, and exhibiting people's love for Chinese People's Volunteers, the volunteers' brilliant image was portrayed, and the support for armies was built. By reporting selected war situation, giving emphasis on victory news i.e., and by turning bad news into good ones, describing the war situation from the side, reports of losses in battle were avoided, which magnified the victory. Moreover, by printing readers' correspondence, joint petition and using all space of a whole page for the single topic, People's Daily demonstrated people's general support and established dominant opinion.In general, propaganda in initial period of Political Campaign to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea achieved more success than anticipated, whose influence "solidified" tradition propaganda characteristics. It not only supported the war, but also created people's identity with the new regime, and laid foundations for future political participation. Meanwhile, propaganda in this period showed obvious universal character. Therefore, we should not hesitate to draw on the achievements of all cultures and to learn from other countries, including the developed capitalist countries, all advanced methods of propaganda that reflect the laws governing modern communication. Since the laws of propaganda is universal, we should be more impersonal and historical when commenting on its one-sidedness, the problem of violating "comprehensive authenticity" i.e. Any country involved in wars will do the same thing, so it should not be depreciated simply. Finally, it is also hoped that analysis of the propaganda characteristics in the period in this essay may be a little supplement to the party history research on Political Campaign to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and find a new angle of view. |
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