The Japanese The Xiamen Landing Event And Southeast Of Mutual Insurance

During the movement of the Boxer Rebellion, it is different between the south and the north. When the Boxer movement like a raging fire rose in North China, the south was peaceful correspondingly, no large-scale Anti-Imperialism movement taken place, the provincial viceroys in the south (for example Li hong-zhang, Zhang zhi-dong and Liu kun-yi ect.) and foreign consuls worked together for " mutual safeguard" in the southeast China.In previous study, too much weight was put to analyze the topic in the conceptual system with no concrete example to validate the practical effect of "mutual safeguard " in the diplomatic arena. Japanese landing in Amoy is exactly the particular diplomatic incident to which inadequate attention is paid. For the limitation of historical material related to the incident, there is hardly detailed interpretation to this topic. For instance, how Chinese high rankings including Li hong-zhang and Zhang zhi-dong coped with this complication? Was there an unanimous resolution inside Japan to carry out this action? Did Japanese landing in Amoy injure the balance of "mutual safeguard" in Southeast China? With the help of historical material in Chinese, English and Japanese, tracing these quests, this article seeks to reconstruct the course of the Amoy Incident during the period of "mutual safeguard" and comment on the significance the "mutual safeguard " system means to the Chinese Empire. The armor draws such a conclusion that the agreement of "mutual safeguard" was the product of compromises between all powers. In reality, however, this outcome of politics between big powers became the last resort for diplomats from the weaker side to struggle for national interests. The smooth settlement of the Amoy Incident perfectly validated the check and balance effect of "mutual safeguard" system in the diplomatic context of Late Qing period.