On The Confucian " And " The Concept Of The Origin And Basis Of Faith

At the early time of human society, it was the beliefs came from primitive religions that led human kind to civilization. Harmony as the core principle of ancient Chinese culture, developed from the ancient primitive religion, was the prime taste of social community at that time. At the condition of primitive equality, the idea of harmonious relation with the gods was established after the economic crisis of overflowing sacrifices. Then, the value of harmonious idea was preferred by the whole society. With the development of society, the resources were intensity and survive competition was pricking up, sacrifices were aggrandizement excessively in Shang dynasty, the rulers even believed that the ghosts of their forefather could bless them in any condition. But they were disappointed at last. So, it was the historical experience of reason that directed it at the time of West Zhou dynasty, which stressed people-oriented, and God's will come from the people. Led by these ideas, the ancient harmonious culture was constructed by reason in four aspects, namely, politics, economy, Bildung, and society.At later time of Spring and Autumn, a hundred schools of thought contend with each other about harmonious idea. Kongzi still thought that it was the ritual that founded for the harmony; he advanced the idea of Ren according to the time. He gave the aim of Ren to God's will, and opened the window of belief for it. Then, he finished the foundation for harmonious idea. Zisi, the grandson of Kongzi, began to debate with Taoists about which was the eventually origin of the world, Tian or Tao. And the second topic of them was the origin of harmonious idea. Through studying all over Xing and Tiandao, he founded the entity of harmonious idea in principium. At the time of Wars of States, Mengzi made further step on Zisi's theory. He consummated the personality of moral in Confucius which sought for inside transcending through the theory on human nature and the theory of Qi. So he enriched and developed the Confucius harmonious idea in some sense. Furthermore, he built the theory of constructing harmonious society in politics and economy which directed by Renyi. In his opinion, true philosophers even had the virtues of God.Accomplished at the later time of Wars of States, the book of Yizhuan was a collective work of Confucius, which put the harmonious idea in systematization by explain about Zhouyi, and made the harmonious idea be the aim of transcending and all the developing trends of the living world. So the system of harmonious idea came into being a logical and historical progress.At the afternoon of Wars of States, this belief about ritual totally fell down, the ritual even was nothing to the rulers. Xunzi's theory took the heaven as a material system, so it destructed the traditional belief about the heaven and transformed it into a plain materialism way. He changed the foundation of harmonious culture through destructing the holy belief about the heaven and just took harmony as a tool to maintain social hierarchy. On the other side, Xunzi thought that human being are born evil, so he took the law to aid the ritual. It was his theory that destroyed the harmonious culture, and let it give the way for the legal school eventually.The harmonious idea of reason presented before Qin dynasty was based on the special environment of ritual civilization of ancient China, and it was a breakthrough of civilization in the given economic background. So, the harmonious idea became the core value of the traditional culture of China, sprung up again and again in the circle of the alternant dynasties, even to be the common guide line of flourishing times.