Study On Confucius' Ritual Thought

Since the implementation of ritual system in the pre-Qin period in ancient China,"Li" has played an important role in people's daily life,social interaction and national politics.In ancient China,ritual was first and foremost the social rules and regulations and moral norms.As a system of rules,the rules and regulations of state governance that are compatible with the social development of the time are the code of conduct for interaction between the emperor and the princes and nobles.As a moral norm,it is the criterion for judging the moral cultivation of a person.The request to the Saints Road.Secondly,"Li" is the etiquette norm that restricts people's behavior and speech.In feudal society,it was also the system and norm that the ruling class and nobles held various etiquettes and rituals."Li" is the core concept in Confucius' ideological system,which is well reflected in his political ideal and his moral and ethical concepts.The historical origin of "Li" can be traced back to the worship of mysterious things in ancient times.After a long period of development,this kind of sacrifice has formed a certain scale of religious ritual in Xia and Shang Dynasties.By the Zhou Dynasty,Zhou publicly began to make rites and music,and carried out a large-scale reorganization and transformation of the existing rites and music,creating a complete set of rites and music system.Confucius recognized Zhou Li very much and took it as his duty to propagate the ethics and added new contents to the "Li".Confucius was the first person to raise "benevolence" to a philosophical level.He regarded "benevolence" as the highest moral principle,moral standard and moral realm.His idea of "benevolence" was an innovation with theoretical contributions in the history of philosophy.Confucius advocated the implementation of "benevolence" to carry out "rehabilitating Li",and the unity of "benevolence" and "Li" could be achieved through the mutual restriction and complementarity of "benevolence" and "Li".On the one hand,from the perspective of "Li" as social ethics and morality,Confucius believed that people should learn etiquette,know etiquette and be courteous in self-cultivation,communication with others and daily affairs;on the otherhand,from the perspective of "Li" as a political means and rules and regulations,Confucius believed that the principle of "Li" should be followed in political governance to govern the country.As the ultimate goal of Confucius' ritual thought,harmony contains Confucius' personal cultivation of harmony,interpersonal harmony,political harmony and the harmony between heaven and man.Confucius believes that through the role of "Li",he can ultimately realize his ideal of "great harmony" in society.Confucius lived in a society with distinct hierarchies.Therefore,his thought of etiquette had obvious hierarchies,which had certain rationality in the current social situation.Only by clarifying the distinction between superiority and inferiority,between elders and children,and between distant and near relationships,can we correct our ranks,make people at all levels in their positions and keep their courtesy,and make the social order of the hierarchical society on the right track.Confucius' thought of etiquette has undoubtedly exerted great influence in history.After Confucius,"Li" has been developed to varying degrees in various historical stages,laying a foundation for the thought of etiquette to become one of the core ideas of Chinese tradition.Confucius' ritual thought not only has the value of promoting personal moral accomplishment,but also has the reference value of building a harmonious socialist society in China.The "harmony" advocated by the socialist harmonious society obviously has the same purpose as the "noble harmony" of Confucius' ritual thought in the pre-Qin period,and the realization of "Li" also needs "benevolence" as an inherent moral criterion to achieve perfect harmony.Studying Confucius' ritual thought is not only because "Li" occupies an important position in Chinese history,but also contributes to the socialist construction of modern China.To let people know etiquette and observe etiquette can not only improve personal moral accomplishment,but also make people's social life orderly.Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has attached great importance to the cultivation and practice of socialist core values.General Secretary Xi Jinping has made important expositions on many occasions,clearly demanding the promotion of Chinese traditional excellent culture.The Political Bureau of the Central Committee conducts collective learning around fostering and promoting socialist core values and traditional Chinese virtues.Learning "Li",studying "Li" and popularizing "Li" have a good promoting effect on building a honest,friendly,civilized and harmonious socialist societyin China.Therefore,in the process of building a socialist harmonious society,we should take a long-term perspective,open mind and critical inheritance attitude from Confucius' ritual thought to find out the content that can be used for reference,and provide effective guidelines and strategies for the construction of a socialist harmonious society.