Education Jiawu Pre-war Sino-japanese Group Of Students

In the late 19th century, both China and Japan have many serious national crisis. They take the overseas education as one kind imperial to improve the emergency measure. However the same action results in many differences in its development process.In 1872, China sent the first batch of children living in America after it forced legalization 30 years, but halfway mortality. Subsequently, Li Hongzhang sents military study abroad in Germany. Then the Fuzhou Shipping School and the Northern Water School sent three batches of students studying abroad in Europe. In one word, during this period China overseas education has a difficult task.Modern Japanese overseas education is earlier 10 years than China. Starts from the late Bakufu, Japan begins to dispatching the students to go abroad in according to the social situation, and promulgates "a ban of command" to allow the people to study abroad freely. It displays a kind of strong enthusiasm of overseas; after the Meiji government founded, it takes more seriously attitude in the development of the overseas education, taking as an important national policy. Even Japan improves and consummates the legislation of overseas education unceasingly, strengthens the management of it in order to make it gradually standardized, legalized and instituted. All of these have guaranteed the overseas education vigorous development.Before the prewar Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the overseas education have many differences between China and Japan. From the development perspective: during this period the number of Japanese overseas students are more than Chinese: Japan five times by China; study of the country are wider than China: the overseas students of China are limited to the United States, Britain, France, Germany; however, the overseas students of Japan are throughout Europe and the United States. The overseas subject of Japanese is richer than Chinese; the abroad study enthusiasm of Japan is higher than China. The people who study abroad constitute on: China is that children of the common people, Japan public official children are much more. From studying the financial and management perspective: the overseas fund of Japan is more abundant than China; compared with China whose overseas management is absent of overall planning, Japan pays more attention to the legislation construction. It has formed systematic scheme of overseas education especially. From the result of overseas education: the Chinese overseas students have the problem which is under-employed. They want to become an official quite to be also difficult, however, many Japanese overseas students step onto the political arena and control political authority. They become the main army of the impetus of socialist system and the development of Japan. Before the prewar Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, there are many reasons for the difference of the overseas education between China and Japan. Both countries treatment western learning's manner is different: China has the highly developed traditional civilization, which causes it to foster one intense cultural superiority feeling, holds the repel manner to the western learning as a whole; Japan is in "the edge civilization" status, the intense crisis has cast this national initiative ingestion external culture disposition. Both countries insisted on the different guiding principle: China insists on "Chinese Ideology and Western Technology", Japan carries out "Japanese Spirit and Western Civilization". This has manifested both countries of "the self-awareness" and the manner of different culture. Both government of the late Qing dynasty and Japan have obvious difference in individual quality and grasps in the authority: the leadership of late Qing dynasty are the faithful protectors of the feudal rule. And they grasp the authority which is also very limited; however, the leadership of Japan are the positive reform people who have new ideas, and have the complete state power. These factors also have affected the Sino-Japanese historic course of modernizing simultaneously.