The Southern Song Dynasty Students Interference In Domestic Affairs Activities

In the Southern Song Dynasty, the imperial government, being content to maintain a regime much reduced in territory in areas south of the lower reaches of the Yangtse River, faced the military and political pressures from inside and outside. Since the social circumstance was complex, the battles broke out here and there. Following Chen Dong'movement in the Northern Song Dynasty, various student movements of meddling in government affairs flourished and had rapid development. It was not only the inner motivity of specific self-orientation of the student but also the influence of war and some political events such as factional strife caused this phenomenon. During this period, the student movement was changed from the pure striving for national salvation to the complicated political offensive. In the same time, the student group's purpose of meddling in government had a distinct change. On the one hand, they fight for the survival and salvation of the nation with actual practices; on the other hand, they repeatedly engulfed into the factional strife. Sometimes they gave advice to the authority for the prosperity of nation; sometimes they started a movement just for their own profit. And with the different political situation, there were four sequels of these movements: victory, compromise, ending up with nothing definite, and smashup.We could not treat these movements all like. Some were the activities in order to save the nation from extinction with patriotism or solicitude, but some were used by political power and resulted in negative influence. Therefore, we could draw a conclusion that the student movement of meddling in government affairs in the Southern Song Dynasty had particular dual-character.