| "Mind" issue has been emphasized and studied all along by ancient and modern thinkers. It is also a heated and controversial issues among philosophers. Hence, the issue is a old but attractive problem.Mencius proposed his own set of concentric theory , a systematic exposition of the people's nature, by inheriting Confucius's theory, such as "similar also practiced also with far", "Humanity and Nature", and "Mean" "Heaven-endowed". He clearly put forward the "Goodness belief" by which the value of life can be rooted in everyone's life and human dignity, human mutual trust, mutual assistance, will have a solid foundation. For the first time Mencius introduced the " Intuitive konwledge ", " Natural instinct ", "Conscience", "Noble Spirit" and a series of concentric areas of philosophy. As a theoretical system, Mencius's "Mind" said the Warring States period to become more influential, a more active factions. Then thanks to the effort of confucius scholars in Han, Tang, Song, and Ming dynasty, "Mind" theory had a significant impact both in all aspects of life and on shaping the character of Chinese people. Nowadays it still has impact on people. The studies of ancient Confucius scholars in the " Mind " issue constantly pushed forward the depth of philosophy and speculative leve. So it is extremely necessary to research on Mencius's "Mind" .Mencius had unique insights in his concept of the goodness belief, ethical ideas and education. In current academic circle, there are two main aspects of the study on Mencius: First is his influence on modern people's psychology, and the second is the relation between formation and evolution of " Mind "in Chinese philosophy. Mencius depicted the goodness belief based on consciousness of kind and the difference between people and animals. In the mean time he stressed the necessity and possibility to strengthen moral cultivation acquired, and the enlightenment of educational thoughts and other aspects of opinion. His goodness belief had become the mainstream of Chinese traditional theory of human nature; His kingly way and "Benevolent government" theory on the basis of the goodness belief were honored as a policy guidelines by the previous dynasties. Although tyrants and corrupt officials existed in ancient times, tyrannical government and hegemonies were never advocated. His conscience theory inspired the reformist of Song and Ming philosophy; His"foster the spirit"theory provided valuable ideological materials for studying " Mind " theory later on ; His thoughts of the benevolent is invincible and "the just will get much help while the unjust will have little help" became the guideline of diplomatic and military affairs in successive generations. His concern about the agriculture , an effort to prevent people from suffering hunger and coldness, is honored as principle for the governors. This article summarizes the previous studies on " Mind " theory of Mencius. A conclusion and systematic outline was given. Reflection of our age, grasp of regularity and possession of creativity is the guideline of this article . In addition, humanistic concern and coordinated development between mind and material is stressed during material construction. Therefore, in the writing process, a tentative research was conducted in modern people's mind and relations among ideologies of other schools on the basis of previous studies. A preliminary discussion is made in combination with contemporary advanced scientific thinking. |
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