Republic Of China Guangdong Area Private School Improvement (1912-1937)

In the period of the Republic of China, in order to adapt to the policy of democratic state, the Guangdong government attempts to set up the elementary structure of education by setting up the primary school. However, the shortage of education funds and teachers makes primary school education unable to popularize rapidly. So, the government begins to sponsor the amendment of old-style private schools to remedies primary school education. in more than 20 years that from the Setting up of the Republic of China to Anti-Japanese War breaking out, the amendment of old-style private schools in Guangdong went through Start stage, advance stage, strengthen stage, enforce stage, each stage demonstrates different characteristics.During the course of starting, the measure is comparatively temperate, rely mainly on sounding out and advising, and is devoted to improving the teaching form mainly; During the course of advancing, the government's improvement measure is strengthened gradually, it begin to pay attention to the improvement of the Content of courses, and make the amendment of old-style private schools more systematized, more institutionalized; During the course of strengthening, the old-style private schools' amending with fanatic, advances rashly for the characteristic mainly. In this course, educate the party, and dismiss the old-style private school in large batches, which is revolutionary outstanding behaviors in the field of culture and education of atmosphere in wartime of Northern Expedition; during the course of enforcing, after the Northern Expedition, the government attempts to gets it back to a process of normal development. Later on, under the leadership of compulsory education, the old-style private school changes into a school.The amendment of old-style private schools go through a course from gentle to tough, and some deviations later on have caused certain negative influence in the society. We should see various kinds of advantages of the old-style private school and its important function in cultural continuity, and also noticed one side that the old-style private school needs improving, thus found the points of connection of new education and old education.