Ming Dynasty Pedestrians

Ming Dynasty established a department of Xingren, containing forty officials. At the beginning ,Xingren were selected from Xiaolian and Maocai, later they were appointed from the successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations. As a result of the importance of Xingren's job, Xingren were promoted quite reasonable. They was promoted to Yushi and Geishizhong and so on,and the peried of the promting also gradually shortened, the speed was accelerated immediately .The jobs of Xingren in Ming Dynasty were extremely complex , and it maybe divided into domestic responsibility and diplomatic responsibility. The domestic responsibility of xingren was divided into outback and frontier. The outback responsibility of Xingren mainly included promulgating the imperial edict,gathering some persons with ability , mourning over the death of officers, encouraging some officers, convoying important ministers and so on. The frontier responsibility of Xingren mainly included appeasing the boundary people according to Emperor's order ,appointing local government officers, participating in military affairs and so on. Xingren's diplomatic responsibility mainly included appointing foreign kings, proclaiming and the imperial edict , mourning over the death of kings, encouraging kings, deraigning in the foreign country and convoying foreign ambassadors and so on. The countries that xingren went were mainly gave tribute to Ming Dynasty, such as Anna, Japan, Zhancheng, Korea .The most of Xingren in Ming Dynasty could obey the discipline and earnestly fulfilled their responsibilities,so that they had well reputation and were called Zhongxing with Zhongshu. To some extent, the outstanding work of Xingren had positive effects on the internal affairs and the diplomacy in Ming Dynasty, on the internal affairs ,Xingren played the role of giving information to the imperial government and proclaiming the imperial edict. They became the link that connected the central and the locality. They set up the bridge that affiliated the central with the frontier. That was advantageous to the stability of politics in Ming Dynasty and the development of the economy. In the diplomacy , they linked up Ming Dynasty with foreign countries the political, the economical, the cultural relation. They maintained the hypotaxis of suzerain and vassal state. They were advantageous to the peripheral international environment stability.