Yinque Guanlong Group Theory Analysis

Prof. Chen Yin-ke founded famous theory of Guan-long bloc in the forties last century. Since then on, it has kept huge influence in the history academia. This thesis makes the influence clear and specific and finds several different opinions. All these contravene Prof. Chen's meaning.The Guan-long bloc was destroyed by empress Wu and vanished during the reign of Hsuan Tsung. This is the basal standpoint of Prof. Chen. Only by admitting this view, can we find his real meaning. This thesis demonstrates that the essential character of Guan-long bloc is "integrating barbarization and civilization"; the accidental character is "syncretizing civil and martial".When it came into being, "barbarization" was the main body and "civilization" was the lesser part. During its developing courses, "civilization" became the mainstream gradually. Empress Wu took the imperial examinations so often that these examinations became the main approach of high officials. During her reign, the battle effectiveness of garrison soldiers was weaker than that of alien soldiers. So appointing alien soldiers became inundant. As the two characters of Guan-long bloc disappeared, it got its end finally.All these were happened with conflicts and amalgamations between Guan-long bloc and Shantung literati. Guan-long bloc was political and governmental. Shantung literati was cultural and regional. Guan-long bloc took many measures to suppress and strike Shantung literati. At the same time, it was influenced by Shantung literati unconsciously and became more and more civilized. Its cultural level was advanced. Its own characters were melted. This led the perdition of Guan-long bloc finally.