| In the stUdy of Chinese Language History ZhuanH n(《庄子》)has not got enough attention. The thesis makesan investigation into the antonyms of it synchronical1y inthree chapteI.s.Chapter ()ne: The brief introduction of Zhuang Zi andIn uang n:《庄子》)Chapter Two:The standard of」udgl ng an antonym．1．Belongl．ng tothe same meaning scope．2．Beingopposlte In meanlnp·3．Being tised relatively．Chapter Three:First,summary of antonyms In lump n(《庄子》)．1?here are 229 pairs of antonyms in In uang n(《庄子》)by the standard be1ow. Among them' there are 222pairs of antonyms which i s monosy11ab1e to monosy11ab1e, onepair of monosy11ab1e to disy11able, and 7 pairs ofdisy11ab1e to disy11ab1e. Second, an a11--Toundunderstanding of the antonyms of In uang n(《庄子》),In thispart, every pair of antonym is described a1phabetica11y bythe fo1lowing aspects: using frequency, word meaning & wordc1ass. The 1ast, an investigation of the antonyms in In uangn《庄子》)in fo11owing aspects: d fi stribut ion of word c 1 ass,corresponding re1ation, express ing effect and word-bui 1ding function.The antonymy of words means that they are opposite inword meaning The vocabu1ary meaning is c1ose1y connectedto grammatica1 meaning. Except"动"and"静",a11 theantonyms in In uang n(《庄子》)have the same word c1ass,such as adjective, verb, noun & pronoun. The number of verbsis the biggest whi1e pronouns, the 1east. The usingfrequency of nouns is the highest whi1e pronouns, the 1east.The change of word meaning directly 1eads to po1ysemy,so maybe there are severa1 antonyms to one word by differentg1ossemes if the rel6tion between them is opposite and thereare treated relatively. As the antonyms in Inuang n (《庄子》) are concerned, some of them are antonyms one to one,some of them only have antonymy by one g1osseme and some ofthem have antonymy by severa1 g1ossemes. 1t can be describedas fo11ows:l. A word has its antonym by one glosseme.2. A wnrd has its antonyms by severa1 g1ossemes, some ofwhich are synonym, others are not due to the comp1exity ofmean ing.3. A word has its antonyms respectively by severa1glossemes.4. A pair of antonyms has antonymy by severa1 g1ossemes.5. The mixing--up of the above.The function of antonyms is very impQrtant in 1anguage.Antonym is the ref1ection of the opposite relation ofobject ive phenomena. It can c1ear1y present the conf1 i ct andcontroversy in rea1ity.: The function of antonyms in In uangAf (《庄子》) can be ana1yzed by its expression and word-bui 1ding.l. Expres s ion(1) Comparison' two kiflds of opposite th1ngs are puttogether to make an obvious comparison,(2) Surmary: the opposite ends or sides stand for the who1eth i ng,(3) EmPhasis: Thing A is emphasized by affirming it andnegating its opposite B.(4) Connection or. Transform: to present the relation ortransform of controversial things.(5) Identity: to present A & B are both the same.(6)Unusua1: it shou1d be A but it is B actual1y or"甲"shou1d be A and "乙" shou1d be B but "甲",is B whi1eu "乙" is A actua11y.2. Word--bui1dingAntonymy compound is a cooperative word which is madeup of antonyms. A pair of antonyms can show the conf1ictingsides of one thing, so it is wide1y used to discoverconf1ict or controversy at the same time. The 1ogicbasement of antonymy compound is its comp1ete and accurateof meaning expression. The continuous using of antonym isthe intermediate stage of antonymy coIIlPound because thefrequent use of them makes the meaning--fusing possib1e.The continuous using of antonyms makes the appearance ofantonymy compound inevitab1y. There are 40 antonymycompounds in Chm p Z1 (《庄子》).The structure of them is cooperative, but theword--bui1ding of them can be c1assified as fo11ows:(1 ) Nouns made up of the connection of noun... |
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