Shanghai New Rural Cooperative Medical System

New Rural Cooperative Medical System (NRCMS) is a mutual medicare in rural areas which mainly focus on the serious illness hospitalization expenditure and also pay attention to outpatient service expense. It is adapted to the rural area social and economic development. It is organized, led and supported by the Government. The countrymen join it of their own accord. The fund is from countrymen, government and enterprise. Shanghai NRCMS began at 1960's and never stopped from then on. It continuously develops and now is the main medicare in shanghai countryside.NRCMS is a kind of primary rural medicare which is suitable to China circumstance, and is also a kind of social insurance and part of social welfare. As a kind of commodity in consuming process, NRCMS has non-excludability and non-rivalness, also with positive externalities. NRCMS is public product more than private product.By analyzing the character of NRCMS with other social meidicare, the author draws conclusion that the NRCMS have some characters as follows: 1. Lack the support of the law; 2. Have the unique joining style; 3.manage organization function is not enough; 4.management cost is low; 5.personal fund is low; 6.the compensation is 'low lever but wide cover'; 7.Information management is lag behind.By analyzing the actuality of NRCMS in Jinshan District of Shanghai, the author draws conclusion that the NRCMS achieves some experience: 1. build the trust between the management side and the rural people ; 2. manage organization is unique; 3.joining style is unique; 4.fund collection is effective; 5. system design has creativeness and uniqueness. The NRCMS also has some problems: 1. without the support of laws; 2. the responsibility of the government is not defined; 3. the fund and the compensate lever is not high; 4. medical expense rises fast; 5. many other kinds of Medicare impacts and strikes the NRCMS; 6. the management should be improved.The author thinks that the NRCMS should develop in several aspects as follows: 1. Strengthen the Government's responsibility; 2. Enact the NRCMS into law; 3. The administration section is merged into the social insurance administration section; 4. Carry out Shanghai uniform NRCMS system; 5. Complete the management; 6. Set down suitable fund and compensate lever; 7. Promote NRCMS informationization construction and make people more convenient; 8. Strengthen the supervision of the appointed hospital; 9. Enhance the allowance of poor people.