Chinese Dyslexia Causes Of Discrimination

ObjectiveTo observe dyslexia cases systematically and design experiments for research frompoint of view of cognitive neuropsychology, basing on the difference of the Chinesecharacter and alphabetic writing, and analyze the characteristics of readingdisabilities to presume and approach the psychological mechanisms of normalreading.Methods:Combining with clinical symptom and iconography , we made preliminary evaluation of aphasia on patients in department of neurology of our hospital and other hospitals from the January,2005 to December,2006,and screened 4 typical alexia patients . Then we design Neuropsychological examination about the process of Chinese grapheme, phonology and semantic.Results:The four patients performed well in spontaneous language. The ability of comprehension is damaged weakly. They showed poorer performance in reading than that in other tasks. We infer that the language disability of the patients was caused by the interruption of grapheme-phoneme route, slight damage of orthographic lexicon, and partial injure in both orthographic lexicon and semantics, case to case.Conclusion:The interruption of grapheme-phoneme route , and the damage of orthographic lexicon or semantics may cause reading disabilities. In process of Chinese reading, the semantic information can facilitate Chinese phonologic activation which therefore depends more on the access of orthographic lexicon. As Chinese character is ideographical, its semantic nature is easier to be triggered than its graphemic one. Grapheme can activate partially the semantics even it does not reach the orthographic lexicon, indicating the existence of a "non-semanticpathway" of grapheme-phoneme.