Study Of China's New Rural Cooperative Medical Care System

On October 29^th 2002, the national countryside health workshop convenes in Beijing, establishes the new rural cooperatives medical service system, perfect countryside social security into "three agriculture" question research hot spot. This year, Premier Wen Jiabao makes "Government service Report" in the tenth session of National People's Congress fifth conference center to point out that, "Positively carries out the new rural cooperatives medical service system. The experiment site scope expands to the national 80% above county(city, area), has the condition the place also to be allowed to do quicker somewhat. The central financial arrangement subsidy fund 10.1 billion Yuan, increased 5.8 billion Yuan compared to last year." Establishes the new rural cooperatives medical service system, improves the countryside health medical service present situation, is the new century recent development phase party makes significantly conforms to the actual important strategic decision. Establishes the new rural cooperatives medical service system, regarding improves the farmer state of health, the economical condition, alleviates "three agriculture" the question pressure, achieves the comprehensive construction well-off society goal, constructs the harmonious society to have the vital significance.This article first introduces our country rural cooperatives medicalservice system establishment and the development history. It is divided into five stages: Germinates with initially constructs (1938 - 1958), the development and the high tide (1958 - 1980), the decline (1980- 1991), restores with the reconstruction (1991 - 2002), the innovation (2002 -until now). The tradition cooperative medical treatment system development and the prosperous reason may induce: 1) Government's force impetus; 2) City to countryside vigorously "support"; 3) Low cost movement mechanism. But this system is financing the main body vacancy, the fund collection and the utilization lacks the efficiency, compensates the key dislocation, the participant gradually loses to this system confidence and so on the inherent flaw by the political system and the policy environment which and its relies on changes, countryside basic-level or vicissitude causes the tradition cooperative medical treatment to lack the organizer and the market medical service delivers reason and so on system makes the tradition cooperative medical treatment system to move towards the deterioration and to restore with difficulty.The second part, explained the new rural cooperatives medical service system is proposes in our country comprehensive construction well-off society as well as under the new time impetus consummation socialist market economy system specific background. The new rural cooperatives medical service system characteristic includes: 1) Thegovernment is organizes the system implementation the main body; 2)The main system goal lightens farmer's big sickness economy burden; 3)The system implementation take the county (city) as the unit; 4)Systems design considered coordinates with the correlation policy. These characteristics have decided the new rural cooperatives medical service system establishment was allowed to promote the countryside public health reform and the development; To Promote the rural economy development, the maintenance social stability; It is helpful to establishing the Chinese characteristic social security system.The third part, from the idea consciousness, the economic agent and the system factor three different angles has analyzed the reason which the influence new rural cooperatives medical service system consummates. First, the farmer populace as well as the basic unit organizer's inherent idea causes the new cooperative medical treatment propaganda to start the difficulty; Second, through farmer, collective, government tripartite to new cooperative medical treatment investment analysis, saw this system is gradually improving the process central plane is near economic problem; Third, the new rural cooperatives medical service system designs the flaw which itself exists to exterior system restraint which and its faces, this system consummation comes under the influence.The fourth part, mainly introduced two developed countries (Germany and Japan) and two developing nations (Thailand and Brazil)the countryside medical service safeguard system main content and the characteristic, and have analyzed the beneficial experience and the enlightenment. In this foundation, proposed consummates our country new rural cooperatives medical service system the countermeasure: 1. new cooperative medical treatments system consummation needs to be connected the legal laws and regulations safeguard; 2. new cooperative medical treatments system consummation needs the idea consciousness the transformation; 3. new cooperative medical treatments system consummation needs to enlarge all levels of governments the financial investment; 4. necessary systems consummations are the keys; 5. in the conditions are ripe situation, begins levying taxes the social security tax, establishes the national unification the social security system.