Reflection Of China's Urban Public Transport Privatization Reform

The reform of public utilities is a major part of public management reform. Following the philosophy of "market" and "privatization" which are proposed by public management reform, China's urban public transport reform is launched in different cities. The privatization of public transport is a main reform path. Reflective study on this subject can directly guide the reform of all the cities'public transportation and provide a reference for the reform of public utilities.Privatization theory, public goods theory, the supply of public goods theory in particular, provide theoretical basis for the reform of privatization of urban public transport. In the course of expanding of the city, the contradiction between travel demand by citizens and the shortage of public transport is more and more outstanding. The efficiency and quality of public transport services can hardly be satisfactory. Therefore many cities begin their reform. The empirical analysis of privatization of public transport in Changsha shows that under the guidance of "state-led, multi-stakeholder involvement, scale of operation, orderly competition", the reform achieved some results, including: firstly, it has eased, to some extent, the contradiction between the demand for public transportation and shortage of public transportation supply; secondly it has reduced, to some extent, the government's financial burden. But the limitation of the reform is also very clear: firstly, the reform has led to the shortage of financial input and the slow infrastructure construction; secondly the irrational competition system has caused the lack of competition effectiveness and the disorder of competitiveness; Thirdly, driven by their own interests, the enterprises have led to the uneven distribution of bus routes and high rate of bus running illegally; fourthly, public transport enterprises'poor management.The reform of urban public transport should adhere to the public welfare nature of public transport property, should adhere to the unification of public welfare and profit-making of public transport. All cities should provide cheap, high quality, efficient public transport services. Currently the main causes of stagnation of the reform include: lack of government financial investment; competition mechanism is unreasonable; laws and regulations are not perfect; management mode in private enterprises is lagging. In this course the government can not shirk responsibilities:transform government functions positively and strengthen government regulation efficiently and effectively; establish and improve laws and regulations and franchising system; increase financial investment in public transport.