| Since the Reform and Openning-up, the rural labor transfer has gradually become an important factor in our economic life. Because the agricultural production does not need so many rural labors, to pursue better life, the massive rural labors are forced to leave home places for big cities and engaged in the non-agricultural production. The rural labor transfer has been lasting for nearly 30 years since 1978.In view of this phenomenon, this paper intends to study the impact of the rural labor transfer in the last 30 years on the agricultural development. At the beginning of the reform, the transfer of the agricultural surplus labor to the second and third industries is suitable to the times when the farmers' income calls for further increase. Such a long-time labor transfer is supposed to have impact on the agricultural development. As a leading big province that the central government intends to develop in Western China, how did the transfer of Shaanxi rural labor affect the agricultural development, the rural economy and farmers' income? Taking Shaanxi Province as an example, this paper discusses some characteristics of the transfer of rural labor and agricultural production and puts forward some rational proposals.We analyze the present situation and characteristics of labor force transfer in our country and Shaanxi Province. Through the analysis, Shaanxi rural labor is excessively massive in the primary industrial employment proportion, in 2005 still over 7 percentage above the national average level; as for professional distribution, labors come from rural are primarily engaged in the architectural industry while nationally on average the rural labors are distributed into diverse areas. Concerning the structure of rural labor's income, in 2006 the proportion of the wages income and the net income from household business is on the national average level.In the forth chapter, we try to discuss the impact of brain drains and capital input on the output of farming. Firstly, we establish a production. function model. Through analysis, we think that brain drains should not have the negative influence on the output of farming. Then, through empirical analyses, we discover the negative relationship between the Gross Output Value of Farming and the number of the agricultural labor, which indicates that the massive rural labor transfer has promoted the Gross Output Value of Farming increase. In this process, the contribution of the capital investment to agriculture is great. The chemical fertilizer as main capital input has the obvious positive influence on the Gross Output Value of Farming.After review of the theoretical arguments, according to the reality of Shaanxi, the author proves that the transfer of Shaanxi rural labor has not largely affected the investment situation in agriculture. When the non-agricultural income proportion accounts for 50%, the agricultural investments still occupy 80%. Simultaneously this paper discovers that the non-agricultural advancement of farmers in Shaanxi has met hindrance. The non-agricultural income in a long time pauses at about 50%. It indicates that the task of rural labor transfer in Shaanxi Province is arduous.At last, this paper discusses the coordinated development mechanism between the labor transfer and the agricultural production, and proposes the countermeasures and suggestions about accelerating the transfer of Shaanxi rural labor and the agricultural development. The author believes that the government should pay attention to the elementary education and the vocational education, developing the rural enterprise, enhancing urbanization and loosing the big cities' institutional restraint over rural labor transfer. At the same time the government should increase the agricultural investment, improve the infrastructure as well as agricultural technology to promote the agricultural development. |
