Practice And Thinking On The Reform Of Rural Communities Stock Cooperative System

The shareholding cooperative system in rural community is an another profound reform of rural economy system after the one of household contract responsibility, and is inevitable demand in rural collective economy development in China by combination of cooperative system and shareholding system accommodating to the market economy. In practice, it's not only feasible that the farmer's management right in the system of household contract responsibility is transferred to the stock rights, but also beneficial for the development of rural cooperative system. And through the practice that the collective owned land ownership is transferred to stock rights, it is necessary to maintain and increase the value of collective assets, realize land shift, reorganize assets, establish large capital market both in city and countryside.The region in South Jiangsu Province started constructive exploration in this aspect from the 1990's. Based on rural economy cooperative organization, and the principle of shareholding cooperative system, the part or all of collective owned land or managerial assets are divided into stocks according to population, labor contribution and other factors, then the dividends are distributed according to shares. Thereby a new style cooperative economy organization is formed, which is featured with democratic management, democratic decision, independent accounting, independent operation, risk and interest sharing, and suitable to modern market economy development. At present, South Jiangsu region takes the lead in China on the reform of rural shareholding cooperative system, therefore the incomes of farmers have been increased, and the value of rural collective assets have also been maintained and increased. At the same time, the system can protect the legal right of the farmers who have no land, strengthen the democracy consciousness of farmers, and improve the relationship between cadres and the masses. But, at present many problems should be solved urgently, such as the fault of law system on such reform, the unclear nature of legal representatives of such organization, and the lack of support in policy, finance, taxation and fiscal, etc..Through discussing the reform of the rural shareholding cooperative system in Jiangsu province, this article tries to study the difficulties and problems occurred in the reform, and positively explores new ways to realize large scale rural land management, rational property right structure of collective economy, institutionalizing the income growth of farmers.