Spatial Statistical Analysis Of Regional Economic Disparities In Shaanxi Province

It's inevitable that the regional economic differences exist in the economical development process of every country and every region, especially in China such a big country with huge differences in economic foundation,natural factor and nature resources of every region. At the beginning of reforming and opening, our country implemented several economic imbalance development policies that encouraging part of the person part of the areas to get rich. the implementation of these policies made rapid economic development of some Southeast coastal provinces. Eastern and midwestern have already had great gap by the 1990s. Our country implemented several economic balance development strategy after 2000, but the reality is regional economic differences were widen rather than narrow. Since the reforming and opening, shaanxi province, which located in the western region of China, have achieved great progress in economic construction, but compared with the eastern China still have considerable disparity. And in shaanxi internal, regional economic differences is very obvious, because of many aspects of the differences such as natural resources,production factors,industrial structure and historical development base. Research of the regional economic difference of shaanxi province can help us to know its current situation, searching for the reason of the larger regional economic difference, thus provide scientific basis for formulating policies that to made coordinated development of region economy, in order to realize the coordinated development of each area.This paper uses statistical method and geographic information system method to study the regional economic differences of shaanxi province, it adoptes per capita GDP as variable index in measuring the regional economic differences, and it choses consecutive time sequenceof 19 years from 1990 to 2008, the statistical methods have 6 index:Standard deviation,Range,Extremum rate,Weighted coefficient of variation,Gini coefficient and Theil index. It mainly measured the trend of the regional economic differences of shaanxi province based on the three main zone,prefecture-level region and county region, then reflected the evolvement track of the regional economic differences of shaanxi province through this trend. Then this paper also use the method of geography information system to analyse the regional economic differences of shaanxi province from 1990s. This method can reveal the relationship among autocorrelativity and the heterogeneity of the economic level among different regions. And it still can realize the spatial distribution characteristics,the internal law and the dynamic evolution process of regional economic action in shaanxi province, and it also analyse the cause of the spatial pattern scientifically combined with economic data and social development.Through the empirical analysis, obtained the following research conclusions:(1) By calculating per capita GDP computed at current year price, can be found, from 1990 to 2008, although the regional economic disparity had the fluctuations in Shanxi, both absolute difference and relative different shown a growing trend. Absolute differences of all levels region, in the period 1990-1999, assumed gentle rise; in the 2000-2008 period, the absolute differences were tested accelerated expansion basically. The evolution tendency of relative differences that in the different level regions was approximately same, and assumed upward trend year by year. The level regionalism used in research was smaller, the difference degree presented was bigger.(2) Used the Theil coefficient decomposition method based on prefecture level region unit to resolve, economical difference of prefecture level region in Guanzhong was biggest, and its contribution to the overall economical difference change of Shaanxi Province was bigger and bigger. Economic development of prefecture level region in Northern Shaanxi and Southern Shaanxi regional level of region's was more balanced than Guanzhong', influence regarding the entire province overall regional economies difference was smaller and smaller. Economic development among the three regions was unbalance, the differences of economic development level in regions were big, and the contribution rate was also unceasingly expanding, influence of economic difference to the entire province overall regional was relatively remarkable. Based on the decomposition of the regional unit, difference between county-level areas in Shaanxi Province is the main factor to influence the overall regional economic differences, from 1990 to 2008, its average annual contribution rate up to 80% or more; then, the difference between region among the zone; at last, the difference between zone contribute the least to overall difference between province. As to the contribution for difference in the zone with the overall difference, from 1990 to 2008, the difference in internal central Shaanxi is higher than northern interior, interior southern Shaanxi for the overall difference. However, the central and northern Shaanxi, the internal difference is increasing year by year for the overall difference. In 2008, the difference between the economic descending order:Yulin, Yan'an, Xi'an, Baoji, Xianyang, Weinan, Hanzhong, Tongchuan, Shangluo, Ankang.(3) Combining the GIS and spatial statistical analysis, analyzing the GDP spatial pattern and its dynamic evolution from 1990 to 2008 for every city of Shaanxi province, we could find that:spatial distribution of per capita GDP level has been performing since the 1990s a positive spatial autocorrelation, that is, a significant overall similarity between the agglomeration cities and counties. Moran's index has seen ups and downs, but always showed positive spatial autocorrelation, and this is the spatial correlation is far more dramatic since 2002. there has been a spatial dependence and heterogeneity for the spatial distribution of per capita GDP in Shaanxi province by Moran scatterplot and LISA analysis. Among them, the spatial heterogeneity showed a relatively high level of economic development in Northern and Southern regions tended to cluster in space, respectively, and the distribution of such a gathering since 2000, becoming prominent.(4)Analyzed the average growth rate per annum of per capital GDP for cities and counties in Shaanxi Province during 1990-1999 and 2000-2008 through the ESDA, and found that they had some correlation between per capital GDP growth rate and the initial GDP level, such as they had more negative correlation between them in northern Shaanxi, they had more positive correlation between them in southern Shaanxi and Guangzhong from 1990 to 1999; they had more positive correlation between them in northern Shaanxi and southern Shaanxi, they had more negative correlation between them in Guangzhong from 2000 to 2008. Since 2000, developed northern Shaanxi has been a faster development in economy, while less developed southern Shaanxi has been a lower development limited by the initial low level.The originality and characteristic of this article as follows:(1) Broaden the study range of regional economic disparities, measured the pattern and trend of regional economic disparities for cities and counties in Shaanxi systematically and comprehensively since 1990, studied the differences among three regions, cities, counties of Shaanxi from microscopic scale, and they caused the impacts for Shaanxi regional economic disparities, measured the absolute and relative differences of three different economic level, and conducted comparative analysis of spatial pattern, broaden the scope of regional economic disparities.(2) Using quantitative analysis of composition of regional economic disparities in Shaanxi province, studied the economic disparities' correlation and process of change for province, regions, counties. Using Theil's to study the differences of regional economy based on different spatial levels, three major areas, regions, counties.(3) Analyzed the spatial pattern and dynamic evolution of cities and counties'per capita GDP and its growth rate in Shaanxi from 1990 to 2008 through GIS and Spatial Statistical analysis, revealed mainly the spatial autocorrelation and spatial heterogeneity of cities and counties'economic development level in Shaanxi from 1990 to 2008.