Unified Purchase And Sale And The Rural Social Reconstruction: 1953 To 1958

State monopoly for purchase and sale, and price stability, theharmonization of financial and agriculture, handicrafts and the socialisttransformation of capitalist industry and commerce, known as thefounding of New China on the financial front, the "big three battle", hasan important place in history. It consists of four elements: the surplus ofrural households planned to buy (the purchase and); of the urban and ruralfood-deficit households planned supply of grain (the marketing);non-food merchant to operate freely, strictly controlled by the state grainmarket, the private business sector to strict control; in centralmanagement, the division of responsibilities by the central and localmanagement of the food. China's State monopoly for purchase and salepolicies introduced since 1953, grain and cotton in 1985 to implement thesystem before it was ordered the end of the contract, the duration of 32years, China's economic life and social life of the extensive andfar-reaching impact. Therefore, recalling the development of China's Statemonopoly for grain purchase and sale policy, establish and perfect theprocess and to analyze its impact help us better understand today's society,especially in the rural are some problems for China to solve the "threerural" questions provide historical reference.In this paper, a wealth of archival material as well as the results ofprevious studies, the formation of the State monopoly for purchase andsale system and its effects were studied. Analysis of the policies of ourinitial thoughts of Purchase origin and historical background, mainlyfrom a planned economy ideology, the transitional period of change andsocial development strategy, private ownership of land farmers and theupcoming conflict industrialization to describe three aspects, and come toState monopoly for purchase and sale policy is the result of variousfactors, its production is a historical necessity. Elaborated on China'sState monopoly for purchase and sale policy, germination, formation anddevelopment process that liberated the Republic of unified purchase and marketing policy have appeared on the seeds, the introduction for thepolicy behind the purchase and sale basis; 1952 to 1953, fluctuations infood prices and food crisis prompted the purchase and sale directly to theintroduction of the policy is the direct cause of its formation; and the foodcrisis in the spring of 1955 to further promote the purchase and sale is thepolicy of continuous improvement. Accumulating Funds explored theimpact of China's rural society, Unified Purchase and Sale in resolvingthe supply-demand gap, maintaining social stability of prices and promoteagricultural cooperatives have a positive impact on the great development,but its negative function is very obvious: promote structure of China dual2 Yuan system Social formed to promote the state power down causedsocial disorder in rural areas, and dampen their enthusiasm for production,the values of the farmers have a negative impact, resulting in ruralinterpersonal tensions. Purchase and sale from the appearance of the maineconomic activity, but its essence is a potential political reconstructionprocess. Through State monopoly for purchase and sale, the state toachieve penetration in the rural society, rural development had a profoundimpact.