Studies On The Chemical Constituents And Antitumors Effect Of Capparis Spinosa L.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents and anti- tumors effect of Capparis spinosa L. seed. Methods: Seeds of Capparis spinosa L. was extracted with refluxing 80% EtOH. The extract used the petroleum benzine, the chloroform, the ethyl acetate and the normal butanol to carry on the extract in sequence, every parts of the extract can be obtainned. Then adopt silica gel column chromatography, preparation of thin-layer chromatography and recrystallization for separation and purification. Apply chemical methods and modern spectroscopy such as ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR to identify the structure of the compounds. S₁₈₀ cell and tumorbearingmice were treated in the normal group, the model group, the positive control(CTX)group, the water extract and alcoholo extract of Capparis spinosa L. seed to determine the parameters of tumor inhibited rate, indexes of thymus, and spleen; changes in cell morphology were observed by normal HE staining; T lymphocyte subpopulations (CD₃,CD₄,CD₈,CD₄/CD₈) in the blood of mice were observed; the proliferative ability of T lymphocytes was detected by MTT. Results: Three monomer compounds were isolated from extraction. They were identified as palmitic acid(Ⅰ), p-hydroxybenzoicacid(Ⅱ), rutin(Ⅲ). The extracts of Capparis spinosa L. seed had obvious effects on tumor inhibition (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, thymus index and spleen index were increased (P<0.05), the inhibitory rate of tumor were 44% and 32%. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain showed that mainly cells were apoptosised, volume was reduced, nuclear chromatin was condensed and cytoplasm was stained deeply with red under light microscope. Improve the ratio of T lymphocyte subpopulations (CD₃,CD₄,CD₈,CD₄/CD₈), the proliferative ability of T lymphocytes was increased by MTT: compared with the nomal group, water extracts had no difference (P>0.05) but the numerus still to increase, the alcoholo extract had significant difference(P<0.01); compared with the model group, the proliferative ability of T lymphocytes was increased remarkably (P<0.05). Conclusion: The extracts of Capparis spinosa L. seed could have anti-tumor effects. Their mechanisms of action might be correlated with improving of cellularimmunity in the S₁₈₀-bearing mice.