Studies On Cold Resistance And Salt Tolerance Of Nine Grape Rootstocks And Grape Varieties

The experment material select seven grape rootstocks(Selection Oppenheim, Teleki5A2, Vitis berlandieri×Vitis rupestris, Vitis amurensis, Vitis berlandieri×Vitis riparia, Vitis berlandieri×Vitis riparia, Vitis amurensis×Vitis riparia)and two Cultivars (Red Globe, Cabernet Sauvignon).The annual mature grape branches buried in sand 40 days, treated 24 hours in different low temperatures of-15℃,-18℃,-21℃,-24℃,-27℃,-30℃and-33℃, determined the germination rate, radication rate and callus rate, deteminate the grape rootstocks and varieties stability of membrane sysem after low temperatures, and count the contents changes of conductivity, soluble sugar, soluble protein, Free proline, Malondialdehyde. By conductivity combined damage degree count the Semi-lethal temperature of 9 grape rootstocks and varieties. Select the grape shoots after low temperature growth of, three cultivars of grape rootstock (Selection Oppenheim, Vitis berlandieri×Vitis riparia, Vitis amurensis×Vitis riparia) and a wine grape (Cabernet Sauvignon)were treated with NaCl at different concents (0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4%) to study the tolerance of salt. Determine the contents change of Malondialdehyde, Free proline, Chlorophyll and conductivity, to study the salt tolerance of different grape rootstocks and varieties. The main results were as follows:1. Comparised of the cold resistance of nine grape rootstocks and grape varieties, the sequence of cold resistance of nine grape rootstocks and grape varieties from strong to weak was:Vitis berlandieri×Vitis riparia, Vitis amurensis×Vitis riparia, Vitis amurensis, Teleki5A2, Selection Oppenheim, Vitis berlandieri×Vitis riparia, Vitis berlandieri×Vitis rupestris, Cabernet Sauvignon, Red Globe.2. The germination rate and the electrolyte leaching rate, Malondialdehyde content negative relevance, and electrolyte leakage was significantly correlated. The germination rate and the soluble sugar, the soluble protein, the Proline content positive relevance, have highly significant correlations.3. Screening identification indexes and comprehensive evaluation were studied by clustering anaysis, principal component anaysis and correlation analysis. The results shows: germination rate, radication rate, callus rate, conductivity, soluble protein, Free proline and Malondialdehyde seven indexes were important in cold resistance of grape varieties.4. Comparised of the salt resistance of three grape rootstocks and grape varieties, by measured the membrane permeability of grape Leaves, proline content, MDA content and chlorophyll content, the sequence of salt resistance of three grape rootstocks and grape varieties from strong to weak was:Vitis berlandieri×Vitis riparia have strong salt tolerance, Selection Oppenheim and Vitis amurensis×Vitis riparia salt tolerance center, Cabernet Sauvignon weakest salt tolerance. 5. With the increase of NaCl, Malondialdehyde, free proline and relative leakage of electrolytee were raised, but chlorophyll decreased in Selection Oppenheim, Vitis amurensis×Vitis riparia and Cabernet Sauvignon. Under different salt concentrations, Malondialdehyde and proline were changed little in Vitis berlandieri×Vitis riparia, but chlorophyll reduced. Vitis berlandieri×Vitis riparia showed higher tolerance to salt than others and was suitable for cultivation in high-salt environment.6. The relative leakage of electrolytee and Malondialdehyde content were different in different treatments. With the increase of NaCl, they were all enhanced; the variety which change salience have low salt tolerance. But the variety which free proline was changed distinctness showed higher tolerance to salt.