China's "12th Five-pollution Less Drainage And Environmental Constraints Indicators

Our country is experiencing rapid economic development period. Water pollution load far exceeded the carrying capacity. In order to improve the poor water quality comed along with economic development which caused lack of water, emission reduction has become the most important task of environmental management in China. The study of emission reduction binding indicators of water in the 12th five year can improve binding indicators system and offer some theoretical and practical support for environmental planning and management. This paper combined theoretical and practical analysis together for the study of binding indicators'connotation characteristics, the implementation of COD in the 11th five year, binding indicators in the 12th five year.Firstly, the paper summed up the connotation, proposed the classification of environmental binding indicators, the conditions and principles which the selection of binding indicators should satisfy were also proposed. For the connotation analysis, the study of review for environmental protection and binding indicators, the differences between binding and expected indicators, the connotation and selection principles were carried out. The results showed that the binding indicators had mandatory and constraint functions. The indicators can be measured, monitored, continuous counted, decomposed, appraised. It can included aggregates, quality and emission intensity indicators. It can be expanded to national scale and also can be limited to the regional watershed scale. The selection of binding indicators should meet the following conditions regional or local contamination, can be monitored, counted, appraised, it's a pollutant, not mixed pollutants, economical and reasonable technology. The principles of selection including representative, integration, simplicity, forward-looking principle, convergence, can be measured, comparability, continuity.Secondly, based on the analysis of the COD reduction in the 11th five year, the paper pointed out problems existed in appraisal system. For the implementation, firstly, the study of major pollution indicators of water environment including surface water, focusing lakes, reservoirs and groundwater were analyzed. The result showed that major pollution indicators including ammonia nitrogen, permanganate index, chemical oxygen demand, the 5th biochemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Secondly, the selection of binding indicators, implementation and effect were carried out since the 11th five year. The results showed that the effectiveness of total amount control and environmental quality improvement was not relative. The Government should improve appraisal system of emission reduction from four aspects in China.Finally, based on the main indicators'analysis of basic conditions and feasibility analysis, the paper proposed the binding indicators in the 12th five year. Based on the previous analysis of main pollution indicators and COD implementation, firstly, economic and social development situation were carried out. This made water environment development trend clearly during the 12th five year. Secondly, indicators into binding indicators system which including necessary, basic conditions, technical and economic feasibility were analyzed. The results showed that COD was necessary to be as a binding indicator the 12th five year. Ammonia nitrogen pollution is serious. It has become the primary affecting surface water quality. Ammonia nitrogen was necessary into the binding indicators system. It met the basic conditions. It had economic and technical feasibility. The paper suggested that it should be included in binding system for total control. In order to control eutrophication deterioration, for total nitrogen and total phosphorus, they should be assessed at the national level not be appraised. At the regional level they should be as key binding indicators of focusing lakes, reservoirs and coastal waters for total control.