Sorbitan Monooleate Synthesis And Stability Study Of Emulsion Explosives

Span-80, a typical polyalcohol non-ionic surfactant materials, was the product of inner etherify of sorbitol dehydration and esterifying with oleic acid. The present research situation, reaction mechanism and two-step synthesis process of Span-80 were introduced in this paper. The basic knowledge of emulsion and emulsion explosive and the stability effect of the mainly used Span-80 multiple emulsifying agent on emulsion were also discussed in this paper.The catalysis of inner etherify catalyst and the esterifying catalyst on sorbitol and oleic acid were mainly researched in this paper. The results showed that using catalyst the inner etherify catalyst K₁ and the esterifying catalyst K₂, monoester content of product was better than traditional products using NaOH. The factors that affect the reaction were discussed, such as, inner etherify catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and esterifying time and temperature. The best reaction condition was confirmed and a 64% monoester content product was gained. Span-80 prepared in two-step synthesis process were better than other products in color, transparency, monoester content,and the application result on emulsion was good.Span-80 was a good W/O emulsifying agent. The product emulsion stability of different reaction conditions was investigated. The relationship of reaction conditions, acid value, saponification value, hydroxyl value, production esterify distributing and production emulsify stability were discussed especially. The stability of composite blending emulsion of Span-80 with Tween-80 and succinimid was also studied. It was proved that Span-80 and Tween-80 had good composite blending , Span-80 and succinimid had better composite blending.