Study On The Chemical Components And Antibacterial Activities Of BeiBu Gulf Sponges (Xestospongia Sp.)

The sponge is the second largest biological next to corals in the ocean resources. The BeiBu gulf sponges (Xestospongia sp.) belong to Demospongiae class, Haplosclerida order, Petrosiidae family, and Xestospongia genus. To further investegate new structural and strong bacteriostatic activity of lead compounds from BeiBu gulf sponges, this paper employed Chromatographic separation technology to separate and isolate the chemical contents of barrel sponges gathered from the sea area aroud Xieyang Island in Guangxi Beibu Gulf. The monomer compounds separated from sponges and identified were screened by using antibiosis active model to filter bio-active compounds. It’s good to help develop a new type of marine antibacterial drugs and extend the shelf life of food.20 compounds were isolated and purified from the extractive ethyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol phase of crude extraction of BeiBu gulf sponges by The column chromatography of silica gel adsorption technology, gel permeation chromatography, thin layer chromatography(TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and other chromatographic separation technologies. By using some spectra analysis and identification of organic structure technologies, such as hydrogen spectra,c-13 nmr spectra, two-dimension spectrum, mass spectrometry and other modern spectrum analysis methods, or comparing spectral data with literatures, the structure of the 19 compounds were identified. These 19 compounds include two pyrimidine compounds:uracil (Q1),3-Methyl uracil (Q2); three nucleoside compounds:adenosine (Q3),thymidine (Q8) and 2’-deoxyuridine (Q13); one purine compound: 9-(1-chlorine-2,3-dihydroxy-4-carbonyl)-purine(Q16); three organic acids: 18-bromo-(17E)-octadeca-17-ene-5,7,15-triynoic acid (Q10),Phenylacetic acid(Q12)and 3-carboxyindole(Q17); four cyclopeptides:cyclo-(Gly-L-Pro) (Q5),cyclo-(Thr-L-Pro) (Q7), cyclo (D)-Pro-(D)-Val (Q11) and cyclo-(L-pro-L-val) (Q15); a lactone component:loliolide (Q4); two aldehydes:5’5-diethoxy pentanal (Q9) and P-hydroxybenzaldehyde (Q19);an imidazole:4-methyl-2-imidazolone (Q14); a sugar alcohol: 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-2-C-methyl-D,L-threitol(Q6); an heterocyclic compound:2-butyl-1,2-expoxyhexane(Q18).With 4 kinds of common food corruption bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, e. coli bacteria and salmonella typhimurium) as indicator strains to study anti-microbial activities of 16 compounds their structures had been identified. The results showed that three compounds (Q5,Q7,Q8, Q10,Q11,Q13,Q15,Q16) indicated obvious anti-microbial activity of monomer. Q5 showed weaker antibacterial activity to bacillus subtilis, and no obvious resistance to other tree bacteria. Q7showed weaker antibacterial activity to salmonella typhimurium, and no obvious resistance to other tree bacteria.Q8 showed weaker antibacterial activity to e. coli, bacillus subtilis and salmonella typhimurium, medium antibacterial activity to the staphylococcus aureus.Q10 showed medium antibacterial activity to bacillus subtilis, weaker antibacterial activity to the salmonella typhimurium and e. Coli, no antimicrobial activity to staphylococcus aureus.Q11 showed weaker antibacterial activity to staphylococcus aureus, and no obvious resistance to other tree bacteria. Q13 showed weaker antibacterial activity to salmonella typhimurium, and no obvious resistance to other tree bacteria.Q15showed weaker antibacterial activity to bacillus subtilis, and no obvious resistance to other tree bacteria.Q16showed weaker antibacterial activity to salmonella typhimurium, and no obvious resistance to other tree bacteria.