| Malignant tumor is a kind of critical diseases which threatens human’s health and lives severely, but there are still no efficient ways to cure the disease. To seek the means and drugs that can be used to cure cancer completely have became the urgent need for people, and to find the anticancer drugs with new target have been becoming one of the hotspots in research fields. The biological diversity of natural resources and the structural diversity of natural compounds will provide many opportunities to explore new anticancer drugs. Traditional chinese medicine is an important part of national medicine, It was found that the chinese herbal medicines have played important role in inhibiting, killing tumor cells, improving symptoms and easing the adverse reaction of chemotherapy for patients in many researchs. However, there has most of compounds in the traditional chinese medicine for treatment. It has brought a challenge for the modern pharmacological evaluation, and has become one of the reasons that difficult to disclosed the effection of traditional chinese medicineit. If the single herb, especially a single component with specific therapeutic effect can be studied to figure out the efficacy and the mechanism, will be not only economic, reliable curative effect, also will provide new chemical structures for designing more ideal new drugs which are used for lead compound of new drug. Based on above ideas in the paper, We have reaserched traditional chinese medicine euphorbia fischeriana,including the methods for extraction and purification of its medicinal ingredients, structural analysis and its effects of antitumor, antibacterial and scavenging free radical.Euphorbia fischeriana is a traditional chinese medicine and a perennial herb belongs to spurge,also known as langdu or cat eyes, and distribute mostly in forest edge or hilly slope. The triterpenoids in plants have been proved to have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-tumor and antiviral effects. Many scholars have studied many active compents in euphorbia fischeriana,but there is rarely reported about the extraction、separation and bioactivity of terpenoid from euphorbia fischeriana. In this paper, the extraction, preliminary purification and different bioactivity were studied by many methods, which may provide some theoretical reference for its rational utilization. The main investigations and experimental results were listed as follows, respectively:Using ultrasonic extracting method for total triterpenoid, and determinate triterpenoid content by vanillin sulfuric acid method, combine with methodological study. According to the results of single factor to design the orthogonal test and determine the optimal technology. The results show that the methods for extraction are simple and efficient, also high reliability. The optimum extraction conditions for terpenoid from euphorbia fischeriana are 60% concentration of ethanol, the ratio of material to liquid is 1:10,untrasonic power is 70W,ultrasonic time is 60 min,and the highest extraction rate is 5.86%.The component in the extratives was analysed by means of the color reaction, and infrared, UV spectroscopy and chemical pretest methods. The separation of group differentiation is extracted with organic solvent.The results showed there may be tannins, steroids, organic acids, flavonoids and triterpenoid in the extratives. The content ratio of triterpenoid in petroleum benzin layer, ethyl acetate laye, n-butanol layer and remain water layer is 36:6:5:12.Five kinds of bacillus (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were used for bacteriostasis experiments,and the inhibitory effect of four partition fractions from euphorbia fischeriana was determined by the filter paper method and MIC test. The free radicals include DPPH radical scavenging, hydroxide radical scavenging and superoxide radical scavenging. The results show that all partition fractions beside the remain water layer have inhibitory effects for five kinds of bacillus. Four partition layer all have a strong scavenging ability for above free radical (DPPH radical scavenging, hydroxide radical scavenging and superoxide radical scavenging), especially the ethyl acetate extract layer. The antitumor activity in vitro of four partition fractions was investigated by MTT method, five different cancer cells including human esophageal carcinoma cancer cell EC 109, mouse breast cancer cells 4T1, human glioma tumor cells U87, human embryonic kidney tumor cell 293T and human lung cancer A549 were used for experiment. The partition fractions which have the best inhibitory effect were selected for further purification and identification by IR spectra, UV spectra and high performance liquid chromatography. The results show that the petroleum ether layer and ethyl acetate layer have the better tumor inhibiting effect,especially the petroleum ether layer. The identified component in petroleum ether layer was lupeol. |
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