| Three-dimensional ordered macroporous materials (3DOM) were applied widely in the fields of catalysis,filtration and adsorption, etc. There many preparation methods for 3DOM, for instance, sol-gel, electrochemical deposition, CVD and co-deposition. The sol-gel method has many advantages such as simple operation and process. In addition, the products which prepared by this method have high purity. So recently, sol-gel method is the way which can be most economical and practical. Furthermore, Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been extensively used for its catalytic properties as environmental protection. In order to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2, the doped modification is one of the current research topics in this field. The yttrium oxide (Y2O3) is an excellent material which can be used in high-technology industry. The paper reviewed the sol-gel method, doped modification and heterocoagulation used in fabrication of the ordered TiO2 balls, Y2O3 balls, S-doped TiO2 balls, Y-doped TiO2 balls and TiO2/P(St-AA) core/shell composite balls. The main research contents and conclusions are listed as following parts:1. Monodispersed P(St-AA) latex particles were prepared by two-stage seed emulsion polymerization and photonic balls consisting of monodisperse polystyrene (PS) latex particles with carboxyl groups were prepared by using a suspension dispersed system through self-assembly technique. The effects of reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, monomer content on the conversion and size distribution of latex particles were studied. The conclusion indicated: when the concentration of AA based on all of monomers was 5wt.%, the size distribution coefficient reached the minimum value, 3.8%. In addition, the colloidal crystal balls structure was better prepared by P(St-AA) latex particles assembly.2. The three dimensional ordered macroporous TiO2 balls and Y2O3 balls were obtained by sol-gel templating method. The conclusion indicated: this method to prepare three dimensional ordered materials was practicable.Through calcining in order to remove the organic template, the balls have orded pores. In addition, The crystalline type can be fully controllable by adjusting the calcinating temperature. When 500℃and 700℃were selected, anatase and rutile were presented in TiO2 respectively. When 900℃was selected for Y2O3, the whole peak was appeared.3. S-doped TiO2 can be prepared by microwave irradiation method. Y-doped TiO2 can be prepared by calcinating method. Through the XPS and catalytic activity analysis, the photocatalysis activity of S-doped and Y-doped TiO2 is superior to TiO2 which is undoped. XRD analysis indicated that the two doped method. Only a little local distortion existed in S-doped TiO2 and the broadening diffraction peak presented on Y-doped TiO2.4. P(St-AA)/TiO2 organic/inorganic composite balls can be prepared by heterocoagulation method. The lipophilicity of the composite balls can be improved through this modified method. Then the organic shell with fluorine PS microspheres can be fabricated. The organic porous PS shell with fluorine coated with ordered macroporous TiO2 balls can be used widely in industrialization. |
