Protection The Plant Cibotium (cibotium Barometz) Gametophyte Development And Structure Of Populations, Communities

Due to special geography, climate and heat ,Chongqing has various vegetation types and abundant plant species and resources, which makes it becomes one main region for peculiar plant, leftover plant, rare and in danger plant, monotypic families plant.Cibotium barometz is a perennial dendriform fern and the only species belonging to Cibotium, Dicksoniaceae in China. It is a famous officinal plant and the plant inⅡdegree of the protected. The fragmentation of primary habitat caused the sharp decrease in number of the species population faced with extinction.The population and distribution, main biological and ecological traits was investigated in plots set in Jinyun mountain,Qingping of Hechuan, Mopan of Fuling,Xiquan of Tongliang,Yin mountain of Yongchuan,Xi mountain of Dazu. By numerical analysis the stages and diversity of spores germination and gametophyte development, the flora traits and diversity of companion plant, the quantitative traits of population and community had been considered. The results are as follows:The spore germination is of the Cyathea-type or centripetal-type.Most of the individuals developed into prothallial plate stage directly without the development of filament stage. But in different solid mediums and under different culturing conditions each stage of gametophyte development showed significant diversity.There are 205 species which belonged to 148 genera and 80 families of companion plants of Cibotium barometz in the 7 populations. It was characterized by complex flora and geography, lack of dominant family and genus, archaic origination, distinct plant species distribution transition from tropic to subtropic zone and sparsity of proper family and genus.The age structures of populations were of steady rising but the first seedling was not sufficient.Cibotium barometz depends on water rigidly. With the distance added to the water ,the distribution decreases. We seldom see the species out of the range of sixty meter from the water.The most favorable environment of the plant is characterized by acidy soil, high humidity and dense canopy. The most favorable companion trees and grasses were Neosinocalamus offinis-Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.) Hook., Dicranopteris dichotoma-Diplopterygium glaucum (or Woodwardia japonica) respectively.Though based on the population and community traits this plant did not showed being in danger the continually reducing caused by the acuity of habitat fragmentation and in Chongqing have made it to be typical endangered plant. Government should pay much attention to protect the plant species.