Gis-based Road Along The Resources And Ecological Environment Remote Sensing Dynamic Monitoring Study

Today road network has been one of the importantest nerve centres of society and economy development, which is used to link with the world. As a typical man-made result to create and change nature and the world, a road system of course has both positive and negetive effects. On the one hand, transporting people and goods efficiently between points is a familiar advatage of roads to society; on the other hand, most of the ecological effects of road systems are negative, and their cumulative effect covers an extensive area. The landscape fragmentation caused by road construction has many direct and indirect impacts on wildlife and ecosystems. Yunnan province lies in the plateau of Yun-Gui and is an important gateway to Southeast Asia and south Asia. At present, with the large development of western regions, "China-the construction of ASEAN Free Trade Area", "Lancang River — Mekong River sub-region economic cooperation", and great development of strategy of Yunnan Province international large passway building strategy, Basic construction of facilities of serial great traffic, especially the construction and operation of the expressway on mountain region will make the ecological environment system of the whole province receive the lasting and extensive perturbation and is in changing period fast. The construction and operation of the highway, on the one hand, improves largely the location economical development; on the other hand, brings forth many directly and potentially negative ecological effects to an interrelated surrounding area in a certain scale, such as degeneration of ecological environment, occurrence of natural disasters, expense of engineering benefits, and so on. Furthermore, to maintain the continuity of the landscape structure and process around roads play a key role to show the regional's development of health and secure. So, it is very important to dynamic change monitor and estimation on ecological environment around road contribute to sound exploitation of the natural resources, maintenance of region ecological environment, and sustainable development of land.The scientists in home and overseas all over the world,the problem have been concern about the impacts of road construction on natural ecosystems, and many researches were carried out, focusing on the effects of linear Transportation Infrastructure on LUCC and landscape structure and functions. With the thorough development and application of "3S" (GIS, GPS, RS) technology, integrating "3S" technologies along the line of launching the mountain region highway of Yunnan, ecological environment research become more and more well and sound.Focused on the impact of roads on ecological environment, Kunshi road was selected as typical case in this study. Compared with the conventional monitoringtechnologies, based on the platform of ERDAS IMAGINE and Arc View GIS, by using the GPS ground points, multi-temporal remote sensing images, and relative topic data, a novel approach is presented to soundly integrate "3S" technology to comprehensively assess various potential ecological effects and their accumulative effects trough pattern and process research in this paper.In the process of "3S" integrating, the first is to obtain sound data and image pre-processing. GPS data, satellite images, GIS data and some ancillary topic data are used in this study. Secondly, it is a key to pre-process image, such as correction, subset, and merging. Based on the above preparation, statistic of remote data is employed for eliciting general information of multi-spectral images, classification of land using and vegetation covering in study area is implemented. In the end, with the supporting of GIS, space-time changes of land using and vegetation covering are analysis to obtain the driving forces for such change. Based on the case study, the results show that especially in mountainous area, the way of ecological environment dynamic monitoring by "3S" integration is one of the practicable, effective to implement method. By means of integrated use of remote sensing, GPS data and GIS data, many more relevance geographic information is included so that the investigation outcome in this way has many advantages and better precision, and timely decisions could be taken to both control the development and prevent the unfavorable features in this area.