Research On Species Diversity And Diversity Spatial Pattern Of Birds In Quanzhou

With the good condition of climate and rich vegetation types, Quanzhou which located in the southeast of Fujian Province had a rich resource of birds. As the speed of the economic development and urbanization construction in Quanzhou were accelerating in recent years, the environmental problems had been emerged out, which resulted in the degradation and loss of the habitat of birds. As a result, species diversity of birds in Quanzhou had suffered great destruction. So carrying on protection on species diversity loomed, which made research on species diversity and diversity pattern of birds in Quanzhou more important. Based on data of the previous investigation of avain resource in Quanzhou, the list of birds in Quanzhou was got firstly; species diversity and diversity pattern of birds in Quanzhou were also studied by the method of species diversity measure in this paper; evaluation on the diversity pattern was researched and useful measure on protection are offered in the end. The main results list as below:(1)With rich resource of birds and lots of rare and endangered species, Quanzhou was the important region of protection on species diversity of birds in the southeast of Fujian Province. Totally 307 species were recorded in Quanzhou, belonged to 21 orders and families. Among 307 species, there were 173 Oriental species,129 Palaearctic species and 5 widely-distributed species; there were 126 residents,32 summer migrants,112 winter migrants,17 travelers and 20 stragglers. There were 4 species of endemic species in China,2 species of first class national protected birds,47 species of second class national protected birds,27 species of provincial protected birds and 46 species of endangered birds in Fujian Province. There were 98 birds listed in the list of Chinese-Japanese Bird Protection Agreement,38 birds listed in the list of Chinese-Australian Bird Protection Agreement,9 species listed in "China red book of endangered animals" (RDB) and 10 species listed in the "Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora" (CITES)(2)The spatial pattern of species diversity birds in Quanzhou was obvious, which the difference of species diversity of birds in the different elevation, habitat and region were significant. Species diversity firstly increased and then reduced along the elevation gradient, which was a single peak curve in the coordinate. The result corresponded with the theory of "middle domain effect". Among the types of habitat, species diversity of the forest was rich, and species diversity of the settlement was poor. Among the regions, species diversity of the inland regions such as Dehua, Yongchun, Anxi were abundant, while species diversity of coastal regions such as Shishi, Quangang, Licheng, Fengze were poor. The difference of spatial pattern of species diversity related to the condition of climate, geologic, landform and hydrologic in the large scale. But the difference of spatial pattern of species diversity tightly correlated with the vegetation cover, complexity of vegetation structure, richness and artificial disturbance of the habitat in the small scale.(3)The avian resource was rich in Quanzhou, but the species diversity had differences in spatial pattern. So the measure which protected the habitat of birds should be taken to the different region purposely. Aimed to maintain the present situation of the habitat and forbid the destruction and disturbance, protection and monitoring on the habitat should be strengthened in the rich species diversity region. In the poor species diversity region, destruction of the habitat should be forbidden firstly and restoration of the habitat should be strengthened, which could maintain the promotion of quantity and quality of the habitat and make the good ecological safety.