Preliminary Analysis On The Indicator System For Ecosystem-based Coastal Zone Management Of Jiaozhou Bay

With the rapid development of the national economy of China, the intensity of human activities in the coastal areas is increasing. Therefore, the damage to the marine environment has deepened, which leading to an increasing huge pressure on the marine environment and ecosystems, especially on the coastal zone ecosystems, so the situation of ecological environment is getting worse and worse. The existence of the Ecological Risks in the coastal zone is seriously restricting the sustainable development of coastal economy; even more it has a threat to the survival of humanity. According to these facts, both the increasing human activities and Ecological Risks in the coastal zone require us to seek more advanced conception and approach of Coastal Zone Management (CZM), there is an urgent to co-ordinate the management with the overall vision, and taking the economic, social and environmental complexity into account, appling the ecosystem-based management. The human beings have to improve the disordered state of human activities in the coastal zone, so that the coastal ecosystems can provide us products and services continuously. Ecosystem-based Coastal Zone Management (EBCZM) is an innovative idea of integrated management which can meet the demands of the reality.This paper is based on the demands of practice in CZM of China, explains the conception, content, development and principles of Ecosystem-based Management (EBM), as well as the conception of Ecosystem-based Marine Management (EBMM) and Ecosystem-based Coastal Zone Management is proposed. EBM has becoming the current trend of global marine management, the importantance of the conception and approach of EBM in the marine management has been highlighted, so it is necessary to carry out the idea of EBM in CZM. "Driver—Pressure—State—Impact—Response" (DPSIR) is an universally applicable social management framework which has been widely used in the international management of all aspects in human behavior, so it is feasible to apply DPSIR framework to EBCZM. DPSIR is a conceptual model which can decompose and simplify the complex problem of EBCZM, and also can effectively integrate the decomposed parts, which can help the managers to the strategic point of EBCZM quickly, and with a focus on the management conductions of the resource development in coastal zone.Based on the principles which is used in establishing"The Indicator System for Coastal Zone Management of China", the indicators of EBCZM is researched with the classification of Driver, Pressure, State, Impact and Response, which has a perspective in the whole process of ecosystems , combining with an overview of the scope and characteristics of the coastal ecosystem of Jiaozhou Bay, and then apply the former indicator system in it, taking the related experts'advices and online survey results into account, analysising that the increasing land-based sources of sewage and the reclamation projects in the coastal zone of Jiaozhou Bay are two major causes of the Ecological Risks, and then using them as the objects of EBCZM, choosing, adjusting and adding indicators to the former indicator system. Finally,"The Indicator System for EBCZM of Jiaozhou Bay"is constructed, which includes 4 kinds of Driver Indicators, 5 kinds of Pressure Indicators, 5 kinds of State Indicators, 2 kinds of Impact Indicators and 4 kinds of Response Indicators, hoping that this system can provide a simplified conceptual framework to CZM of China. This research is the first time in Jiaozhou Bay, with a hope that it can provide available indicator system as a reference to the practices of CZM of China. And the calculation and evaluation methods of Ecological Risk Score , as well as the measures for the root causes of Ecological risks in the coastal zone of the Jiaozhou Bay is proposed creatively.