Study On Issues And Countermeasures Of Mountain Countries' Rural Land Management-Scale Of Chongqing

Rural land management-scale is must for agriculture modernization,only rural land management scale-up will brought about the marginal conditions for capital,Technology, Machinery and equipment which is essential for agriculture modernization invest into agriculture. In 2007,Chongqing city become experimental zone for comprehensive match reform of planning of urban and rural,how to make rural land management-scale come true by rural land transfer is important reform included.Chongqing city is a topical hills and mountains zone,how to scale-up rural land management-scale is the key way to promote rural people urbanization,bring up agriculture's compare proceeds and to help format agricultural self-accumulation mechanism in the context of considering the specificity of nature resource,society and economic environment of Chongqing.Through study on 19 mountain countries'rural land management-scale may offer reference means for other zones which have close nature resource,society an economy environment at Chongqing city or other countries.The paper's studied contents and logical thinking as follows:part 1.For the cues of society goal of planning of urban and rural,think Chongqing's rural special mountain counties'rural as key variables for turn society goal of planning of urban and rural into true.The mainly way for economic development of mountain countries'rural is agriculture modernization which depends on rural land management-scale,according to those logic,brings up this paper's origin,and point out the study's theory and Practice means,study ideas and study logic,study contents and framework and study methods.Part2.Firstly,This chapter definite some concept interrelated with rural land management-scale,such as"mountain country","rural land","management-scale","economics of scale","rural land moderate management-scale"and so on.Following analysis the conditions of mountain country for rural land management-scale.Thirdly,analysis the feature of mountain country's rural land management-scale,according to those and bring about the principles of rural land management-scale.Part3.This part mainly analysis the present situation of mountain countries'rural land management-scale of Chongqing.Firstly,defined the mountain district and simple descript the level of economic development,conditions of nature resourced and social structure of the population.Following,analysis the status of rural land management-scale from tree respects:the models and the level of rural land management-scale,and the level and ways of rural land transfer.In the end of this chapter,generalize the characters of mountain countries'rural land management-scale.Part4.This chapter analysis issues of rural land management-scale of Chongqing form respects of level and effectiveness of rural land management-scale,and which reasons and obstacles due to these issues.Part5.According to previous conclusions,bring about the general ideas for how to development rural land management-scale.According to general ideas,we bring about several items countermeasures.Part6.Mainly concludes this paper'study results.And prospects required future study.The mainly conclusions of this paper as follows(stating conclusions by framework of this paper):The first one conclusion is that rural land management-scale is must for agriculture modernization;it isn't expected for mountain countries have poor land.Mountain countries have favorable and adverse conditions.Favorable conditions include:abundant natural resources and species diversity,mountain widespread,multi-zone and three-dimensional agriculture characteristics created the conditions for mountain countries'agricultural development.Adverse conditions include:quality of farmland is poor;agricultural infrastructures are lake;lack of re-investment in agriculture;the low level of agricultural commercialization and market development is immature;the ways of agricultural production are backward.Favorable conditions prepare efficiency foundation for rural land management-scale;the adverse conditions can be transformed by man-made.Therefore,mountain country has the conditions for development rural land management-scale.The second one conclusion is that mountain country has special characters compared with plain country because of its specificity of topography.Including the integration of land is very difficult,Large-scale agricultural mechanization in agriculture is difficult,three-dimensional agriculture is significant.Therefore,the principles mainly should be complained with are development of external rural land management-scale,special agriculture and agriculture industrialization.The third one conclusion is that Mountain is a regional concept.Chongqing city is a topical mountain city;there are 19 mountain countries in which the proportion of mountain is more than 60%in its 40 zero and countries.This paper research the problem of rural land management-scale by taking 19 mountain district and countries as a whole.Chongqing mountain countries have those characters such as the level of economic development is far lower than other districts of Chongqing and the proportion of farmland is low.The fourth one conclusion is that the level of farmland management-scale is less than the overall level.There are 5 kinds'models of rural land management-scale,such as large planting, stock joint company,specialized cooperative economic organization,agricultural,planting company and leading enterprises in industrialized operation.Rural household is best genial model,and leading company is strongest driving force model.Due to the level and ways of rural land transfer is backward,rural labor transfer leads possibility of scale-up of rural land management-scale was reduced and the scale-up of rural land management -scale from agriculture industrialization is significant.The circulation of agricultural land mainly among rural households,because of unit rural household lake capital and technology,the performances of rural land management-scale is not significant.The fifth one conclusion is that Chongqing got some successful experiences during take practice of mountain countries rural land management-scale,such as agriculture industrialization and conjoint rural land management-scale with agriculture industry regionalization development, and build agriculture infrastructure according to projects of agriculture industrialization.However, there still are shortcomings,which include:the level is low,the supple of useful labor is not sufficient,behaviors of rural land transfer are not norm,and economic is not signification,and so on.The reasons for these issues include:mountain area's agriculture infrastructure are lack,the driving power from market is weak,and motivation mechanism is lack,financial support system is inadequate,and so on.The sixth one conclusion is that this chapter brought about countermeasures and political advices from the aspects of relation mechanism,operation mechanism,efficiency mechanism and support mechanism and in according to the issues and Obstacles brought about in forth. According to general ideas,we bring about several items countermeasures,as follows:agriculture infrastructure construct,appropriate rural labor transfer,well-being rural land transfer,nature operators,innovating organizational model,combing management-scale with agriculture industrialization,keeping moderate level of rural land management-scale,reforming society protection and rural land institutions,constructing rural financial system,and so on.According to role of government,we point out the responsibilities for government:providing institutions, financial supports and social services.