| The Chinese State-owned Grain enterprise reform from the planned economy to the market economy, from the monopoly to lets loose the evolution type to carry on comprehensively, has experienced three main stages. Especially since 1998, the country has released and implemented a series of reform policies and measures deepened the grain circulation system and the comprehensive advancement grain buying and selling marketability reform vigorously and it has made the gradual progress, but it also paid the huge cost and the price. The firm, difficulty and slow of the reform are the last fortress of the China state-owned enterprise reform. Which part is firm and difficulty, why is it slow. The inquisition reform and the analysis question affect the reform the macroscopic aspect to have the theory to support factors and so on flaw, national shape restriction, social basis barrier, new old mechanism conflict, social reforming lag, the concrete stratification plane has the reform cost to be heavy, the property right reform sluggish, carries out and so on questions difficultly coordinated. How should the state-owned grain enterprise reform, this relates the national economy and the people's livelihood, relates the macroeconomic regulation and control, the food security and so on major problem. I believe that the state-owned grain enterprise reform should continue by the institutional innovations deepening property right reform, industrial production management advancement state-owned grain enterprise development.This thesis divides into four parts. The first part carries on the summary reform and open policy initial period to the state-owned grain enterprise reform situation, our country still implements the state monopoly for purchase and marketing policy to the grain, the national strict control grain market, implemented the global administration to the grain. Along with the planned economy to market economy's transformation, the multi-channel management grain's aspect forms gradually. The state-owned grain enterprise's reform and the development have experienced three main stages approximately. the first stage for the enterprise management and operation organizational reform, to solve the farmer"to sell the grain to be difficult"the question, the State Council decided that the grain circulation system implements"the two-track system", namely cancels the grain uniform purchase, changes the contract fixed purchase, outside the contract fixed purchase's grain, by the market regulation supply and demand, implements purchases after consultation between buyer and seller discusses sells. The second stage into the enterprise operating mechanism transformation and the state-owned grain enterprise full-scale reform and the development, the national series implemented a series of policies to lighten certain burden for the enterprise is the separating government administration from enterprise management, the central committee and the place responsibility separates, the reserve and the management separates, the new old financial accounts to separate, perfect grain price mechanism; The third stage for state-owned grain enterprise full-scale reform and development. The central committee and the place grain reserves enterprise advances the modern enterprise system construction positively. Enterprise reform's key point decides as, solves the enterprise history cloth wrapper properly, the advancement property rights of enterprises system reform, carries out the grain industrial production management vigorously, continues to play the state-owned grain buying and selling business owner channel role.The second part summarizes the main achievement and experience of the state-owned grain enterprise reform. For 30 years, the state-owned grain enterprises have made some achievements. First, it implemented the separating government administration from enterprise management, the enterprise has become the market main body which operated independently and assumed responsibility for own profits and losses. Second, it has solved the history problems and lightened enterprise's burden. Third, optimized enterprise layout and structure; Fourth it improved enterprise management and operation and enhanced the enterprise market to struggle the strength unexpectedly. Looking back to the thirty years of the reform and opening, the state-owned grain enterprises gained the following experiences: Firstly , we must insist that take Deng Xiaoping Theory,""The Three Represents""the important thoughts and the scientific development concept as the instruction, the science making reform plan; Secondly , we must insist the marketability reform direction and regard the state-owned grain enterprise as the real market main body; Thirdly ,we must insist that grain work governor the responsibility system and act as circumstances permit to advance; Fourthly , we must insist humanist, respect and defend the staff legitimate rights and interests fully.The third part, carries on the inquisition and the analysis to the state-owned grain enterprise reform restriction factor; This part is analyzes through the macroscopic factor and the microscopic factor two aspects. The macroscopic factor mainly manifests following several the aspect: First, lacks the rationale, does not have system's reform plan, lacks the legislative safeguard. Second, old system internal contradictions hindrance; Third, social basis barrier; Fourth, new old mechanism conflict; fifth, social reforming stagnates the microscopic factor influence mainly to manifest forms"the old grain"for a long time,"the old debts","old person"the historical burden to cause the reform cost to be heavy, the part state-owned grain enterprise seriously was already unable to pay debts with their assets, does not have the financial resource improvement warehousing infrastructure, but because enterprise's reform cost solves with difficulty, the partial Local authority promotes the property rights of enterprises system reform dynamics to be insufficient, equity system reform's form is fuzzy, the transaction main body is not standard, has the phenomenon which many transaction main bodies exceed authority to trade, the administrative intervention are excessively many; The property appraisal, in transaction income's handling has many problems, the property right trading market crack are many.The fourth part analyzes and suggests Our country State-owned Grain enterprise reform way choice. China reforms the difficulty lies in the benefit pattern which under the traditional system forms lastingly coagulates, as well as supports this benefit pattern reliable acreage to sink in social consciousness and so on the ancient regime thought that culture, idea. The innovation, breaks through the traditional system's negative factor, carries on adapts the market economy efficiency self-transformation, reforms in the inopportune system's rules; China's reform already entered the institutional innovations the difficult practice stage, must spend the big strength solution institutional innovations the practice question, only then take this as the main attack goal, reform attacking a fortified position only then has the possibility to make the substantive progress; During innovation, wants to explore the industrial production management positively positively the way, must cultivate the strength Leading enterprise, strengthens the protection market risk unceasingly ability; The cultivation consummates the wholesale market, effective display macroeconomic regulation and control function; Does well the management network construction, establishes new Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, consummates the professional service system vigorously; The promoted order form purchase, establishes the grain to produce the buying and selling benefit chain vigorously; The dependence scientific innovation, promotes the cooking oil processing to the profound development; Establishes the perfect food security information system, the safeguard grain enterprise manages stably; The development modern physical distribution, reduces grain circulation cost... |
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