Research On The Reform And Innovation Of The Rural Financial Organizations Of Jilin Province

The rural finance is the core of the rural economy. There will be no building of the new socialist rural area or promotion of the better and rapider development of agricultural and the rural economy without the strong support of finance. However, the development of the rural economy of Jilin Province has been backward for long time, which has seriously restricted the continuous and rapid growth of the rural economy and the building of the new socialist rural area, so it is urgent to carry out the new planning and layout of the rural financial system. In January, 2007, it is presented in the 3rd National Financial Work Conference that"the perfect multi-level, wide-range and sustainable rural financial system adaptable to the characteristics of'agriculture, farmers and rural area'shall be accelerated, the rural financial organizational system shall be perfected, the roles of the commercial financial, policy-related financial, cooperative financial and other financial organizations shall be given full play, the innovation of the rural financial organizations shall be promoted, the rural financial organizational admittance policy shall be properly adjusted and loosened, the admittance threshold shall be reduced, the multi-ownership financial organizations suitable to the characteristics of the rural demand shall be encouraged and supported and various small-amount credit organizations shall be actively cultivated."It shall be started from the reform and innovation of the rural financial organizations to guide and deepen the reform of the rural financial system. It is pointed out in the 3rd Plenary Session of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that"the modern rural financial system shall be built, the rural financial system shall be innovated, the rural financial system integrating the commercial finance, cooperative finance and policy-related finance, with the sufficient capital, complete functions, perfect services and safe operation shall be accelerated and more credit funds and social funds shall be guided to be invested to the rural area.", which has further described the importance of the reform and innovation of the rural financial organizations. Started from this perspective, an attempt is made to discuss the development of the rural finance of Jilin Province in this paper, which is divided into five parts:In Part 1, the basic components of the rural financial organizations of our country, including regular and irregular financial organizations are briefly introduced, the main theories and mainstream viewpoints related to the rural financial organizations at home and abroad are overviewed and the sufficient theoretical criteria are sought for the reform and innovation of the rural financial organizations.In Part 2, as a big agricultural province, there is the profound realistic background for Jilin Province to further promote the reform and innovation of the rural financial organizations and give play to the core roles of finance in the rural economy. Therefore, the realistic background is analyzed from 3 aspects such as promotion of the national policy, financial support for the rural economic development and seriously backward rural financial development, etc.In Part 3, based on the brief retrospect of the history of development of the rural financial organizations of Jilin Province and our country, the reform progress and innovative development of the rural financial organizations of Jilin Province are analyzed, respectively, and especially the emphasis goes to introduction, analysis and evaluation of some aspects such as deepening of the reform of the property right system of the rural credit cooperatives as the breakthrough, innovation of the property right organization form to build the rural cooperative banks and rural commercial banks, active implementation of the pilot work of adjusting and loosening the financial institution admittance policy of the rural banks and building of the village and town banks, loan companies and capital aid societies, etc.In Part 4, while the achievements are affirmed, it is pointed out that the roles that the current rural financial organizations play in supporting the rural economy are not ideal and there exist some problems such as irrational organizational structure, heavy burden, serious capital flow-out, blocked policy-related agricultural insurance progress, difficulties in operation of the new financial organizations and low operating efficiency of the major agriculture-supporting financial organizations. And then, the key point goes to analysis of the reasons for the problems from some perspectives such as financial restriction, interaction between the rural finance and the rural economic development, system design, policy support, reform strength and construction of the credit system, etc.In Part 5, combined with the actual situation of Jilin Province, the thoughts and strategy for further promoting the reform and innovation of the rural financial organizations of Jilin Province are put forward from some aspects such as further deepening of the reform of the rural credit cooperatives, expanding of the business range of the agricultural banks, playing of the backbone roles of the agricultural banks supporting agriculture, strengthening of backflow of the postal saving funds, development of the new rural financial organizations, building of the risk complementary mechanism, promotion and perfection of the multiple rural credit guaranty systems, strengthening of standardization and guiding of the nongovernmental financial organizations and strengthening of coordination and cooperation of the rural financial organizations, etc.Finally, the conclusion is made that many forms of rural financial organizations with the rational division of work shall be developed and the multi-level and diversified rural financial organizational system combining the commercial finance, cooperative finance and policy-related finance, with the regular finance and the irregular finance supplementing each other, sufficient capital, complete functions, perfect services and safe operation shall be built in Jilin Province.