| With a span of over 6300 kilometers, the mainstream of the Yangtze River flows through seven provinces and two cities. It is the only major artery of traffic waterway through the east, west and the middle regions in China accounting for 80% water-borne traffic in inland river transportation and is also regarded as the busiest and largest river which is open to navigate in the world today. In recent years, dry bulk cargo shipping via Changjiang mainstream has been keeping rapidly increasing. Alone in 2007, the turn volume of dry bulk cargo via the port of over Changjiang-mainstream-sized type reached 787 million tons, about an increase by 20% compared with the corresponding period last year. Among all, metallic mineral takes a part of 20% with 156650 thousand tons, coal 19% with 148720 thousand tons, building material with 110630 thousand tons and the three major types of commodities account for 53% of the total amount. However, the rapid increase of dry bulk cargo via the Yangze River mainstream is accompanied by an ineffective operational management of the enterprises, which is inimical to the healthy development of dry bulk cargo shipping. Therefore, this article, aiming at the current problems existing in the enterprises, puts forward several operation models for the dry bulk cargo industries to make some necessary improvements to enhance the efficiency of the whole industry.At present, there are more than 3000 enterprises engaging in professional transport of dry cargo in bulk via the Yangtze River mainstream, with over 240 thousand ships and a total carrying capacity of over 16 million tons, including not only the major state-owned enterprises like the Yangtze River Shipping Group Phoenix Co., Ltd, but also the medium and small sized private enterprises such as Chongqing Juhang Industry and considerable individual economical lot. The enterprises differ in scale but with a less conspicuous disparity in returns. This article first collects the relevant background information of the Yangtze River dry bulk cargo shipping enterprises through field work and internet reference so as to have more knowledge about the current situation of the operation of the Yangtze River dry bulk cargo enterprises, especially to make an analysis of the typical enterprises such as the Yangtze River Shipping Group Phoenix Co., Ltd, Wuhan Chuangxin Shipping Co. Ltd and Jiangsu Weilun Shipping Co. Ltd. Based on the analysis, I summarizes and briefly analyzes the cause of the deep-seated problems in the operation of the Yangtze River dry bulk cargo shipping such as less modernized management system, unreasonable operation mode and structure, worse returns, the disadvantageous marker control and the lack of financial resource and skilled talents. Then the article analyzes the economic structure of the industries along the The Yangtze River basin, the basic conditions of shipping in The Yangtze River, the characteristics of The Yangtze River dry bulk cargo shipping and the dry bulk cargo market, the impact of relevant regulation and policies on the operation of dry bulk cargo shipping enterprises and predicts that the dry bulk cargo shipping enterprises will progress forward to be large-scaled, intensified and diversified. Then this paper suggests three typical operation modes for The Yangtze River bulk cargo shipping organizations according to the above analysis: large-scaled operation mode, logistics service mode and joint shipping mode. A detail probe into the significance and suitable conditions of the three modes is made and followed by establishing the alternative model of shipping mode through analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy synthetic discrimination. Bulk cargo shipping companies can choose the most suitable shipping mode for them. Lastly, this paper advances the corresponding elusion approaches to deal with the possible venture during the course of the above three operation modes. |
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