Urban Public Transportation Price Pattern Research

Urban public transport system is an important part of the entire city system which guarantee the normal operation of the various departments in the city, play a positive role in promoting economy and culture's development of city, is also a major argent of urban construction . Along with the further acceleration of urbanization, the contradiction between supply and demand of the urban public transport prominent increasingly, and urban traffic problems has been become baffle the economic and social development. Therefore, how to establish a scientific and effective public transport optimal pricing theory has important significance, and how to actualize effective price management to the urban public transport industry that established under the old system has become an important issue of management system reformation in our country. Urban public transport as a kind of quasi-public goods, the price's constitute should not only considering both the productiveness of urban public transport industry, but also guarantee the effective supply of public transport products, and come true the social welfare maximization. This article from the angle of the quasi-public goods' pricing to cut-in, study and analyze pricing theory and practical methods of quasi-public goods on the basis of investigate domestic and overseas literature, and sum up and analyze major cities 's public transport pricing model and the correlative policies in home and abroad. At the same time, construct different public transport optimal pricing model with the different pricing target respectively, and put forward subsidy measurement model of two-tier lines on the basis of X efficiency theory.Finally, this paper carries through demonstration research to the public transport fare's constitution of Chengdu, aim at the public transport's developmental actuality and existing fare problem of actual fare system and put forward reasonable and feasible scheme to innovate public transport fare of Chengdu, that is, from the existing single fare system to a system that synthetically adopt time-sharing and account distance. At the same time, with the subsidy measurement model of two-tier lines to analyze the amount of allowance of public transport in Chengdu and simply calculate amount of subsidies of some public transport line that invite public bidding. The study of this paper studies advance a new thinking for the pricing model of urban public transport industry, afford decision-making foundation for government departments and public transport operators enterprises when they constitute relevant policies, thereby lead urban public transport will develop healthily, fleetly and sustainable.At the same time, this paper consider it is necessary to perfect the legal system of public transport fare management, come on public transport supervisory statute such as "Urban public transport laws" as early as possible; push hearing system of public transport fare; rational lead to the private traffic; adopt proper commonality control.