A Study On The Medical Security Problem Of Migrant Workers In China

The medical security problem of migrant workers is one of the major problems in China's"11th Five-Year Plan"period, which is an important topic of building a socialist harmonious society. The State Council clearly stated a goal that at the end of 2008, we will insure to put migrant workers who establish labor relations with the urban employing units into the basic medical insurance, which also marks the medical protection of migrant workers, had entered the concrete operational stage. Taking the medical security problems of Chinese migrant workers as study object, this thesis systematically analyzes the basic theory and the difficulties on the medical insurance system of migrant workers in China. On the basis of the above study, according to experience abroad I propose the construction of migrant workers medical security system which suits China's national conditions.With our Chinese continuous urbanization and marketization, and the rapid development of the national economy, a new group of migrant workers appeared in the vigorous development of economic activities. Migrant workers have made tremendous contributions in the urban construction. However, for a long time they have been excluded from the urban medical insurance system and become the"blank spots"of medical security system. According to the migrant workers'disadvantage, the characteristics of mobility and their inherent right to life and health requirements, and effective supply of medical insurance, it is high time to solve the medical problems of migrant workers. It not only involves the improvement of the right to subsistence and welfare of the hundreds of millions of peasants, but also greatly affects social stability and development. It is necessary to establish the effective supply system of migrant workers medical security.Currently, in the process of institutionalization of the medical security problem of migrant workers, there still exist a number of constraints. Firstly, it is the structural causes of the migrant workers problem that the division obstacles which is between urban and rural household registration system. Secondly, some hiring units are not strong participants from the point of view of increasing cost. Many enterprises boycott participants by delaying payment, misrepresenting the number of employees, and other acts for their profits. Thirdly, the migrant workers medical insurance is a social policy, but the government paid insufficient attention and lack the legal control mechanism. In the link of preventing illness and protecting the health of peasant workers, we are lack of effective risk management mechanism. And the medical protection coverage of migrant workers is smaller. Finally, because of the high mobility of farmers, the employing units pay health insurance for migrant workers, but it is difficult to join the medical insurance payment and the medical support resources.There are other hills whose stones are good for working jade. We need refer to the foreign social security measures for floating population in order to solve the medical problems of our migrant workers. The quintessence of the UK model or the German model is to play the leading role of the government under the conditions in the effective use of market mechanisms. We should learn from foreign experience, establish a reasonable sharing ratio between government, employers and the migrant workers, and provide free medical insurance for the special population. Promoting universal health insurance scientifically and rationally is the direction of China's medical insurance.Through analysis of the Status and Problems of medical protection for migrant workers, use of public goods theory, the theory of social security, social justice theory, class analysis theory and other theories of tools, as well as the introduction of cost - benefit analysis, from perspective of the government responsibility, focusing on institutional innovation, the system and path is explored for migrant workers in the country's medical insurance. In the long run, it is the ultimate solution of the problem and methods that farmers are allowed to work and enjoy the same treatment as urban resident and are incorporated into the national unified basic medical security system, which requires a longer process. With the effective supply problems of migrant workers'health security, this paper put forward three policy recommendations on the establishment of medical insurance effective supply system of China's migrant workers: firstly, we need to establish urban and rural farmers'account for medical insurance and medical aid system; Secondly, we must establish migrant workers'medical insurance brokering, speed up reform of household registration system, and promote equality and standardized employment system; Thirdly, we must strengthen the compatibility between migrant workers'medical security system and other health-care medical security system. Through the development of remote medical examination and transferring diagnosis process, we allow migrant workers to "remote medical treatment, territorial claims ".