| The conversion ratio of scientific and technological achievements is only 15 % in our country, and there is 0.78 per capita about the amount of achievements which have been transferred into actual products or applied to productions. There are more than 20,000 significant scientific and technological results and more than 5,000 patents in our country every year. However, fewer than 5% among them can be transformed into industrial products finally, while the conversion ratio of the American-European developed country is up to 45%. The statistics showed that a majority of scientific and technological achievements are still unexplored, and look forward to the fund from governments and business circles and transforming into realistic productivity.One the other hand, the technological progress has already replaced capital and labor and become the first place in the economic growth of developed country, which up to 60%-90%. Whereas there is a large gap between our country and those developed countries, although the technological progress has made more contributions to the economic growth since the middle period of 1990s.At present, the innovation has been brought up to a strategic level in our country, and the scientific and technological progress has the enormous and revolutionary impetus to society. As a scientific research institute, we have the bounden responsibility for promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements at any time.Along with its growth in the past decades, CIAC has contributed a lot to the development of national defense and security, economical enterprise for our country. With the increase of national economical strength as a result of conversion from planned to market economy, significant improvement has been made on scientific research conditions and traditional research framework has been also altered to keep the pace of such development. Recently CIAC does have moved forward together with national development. However, compared with other allied institutes, more efforts need to be made in order to obtain momentous scientific and technological achievements, enhance the capability to secure external grant and cultivate talents possessing leadership.As located in northeastern part of China. CIAC falls behind of those allied institutes in developed and coast regions in terms of converting research achievements into commercial products. Besides this geographical limitation, some intrinsic shortages may exist as will be addressed in details as follows:1. Deficiency of capability in the research of and developing scientific and technological achievements. This could be ascribed to the quality or qualification of research and technological practitioners. It could be either the absence of personnel with ability or lack if motivations of the practitioners toward the conversion of achievements. Meanwhile, another hurdle could be the insufficiency of grant.2. Deficiency of absorbing and accepting the scientific and technological achievements. This rests on the enterprises. First, due to the limitations on both their technology and funding issue, the enterprises could not participate into any innovations toward such conversion although they may intend to do so. Secondly, the enterprises are reluctant to take any risk for the fulfillment of the conversion and therefore unwilling to set up consolidate connections with institutes.3. The immature nature of the achievements and weakness on pilot processes. Currently, it is common that fundamental and technological researches deviate from practical demands. Although passing the achievement evaluations, most of the achievements aim only to fulfill the requirements. Moreover, facing the high risk to achieve such conversions, the construction of pilot platforms remains problematic. The responsibilities may go to the enterprises, the institutes, the government or the joints of two or three among them. To surmount this obstacle, a better coordination should be built up to promote the whole system.4. Imbalances of market developments and demands. Recently, our country's economy has developed quickly and approaches international involvement progressively. The impact of abroad advanced technologies, the imbalance of domestic developments and the diversity of market urgently require rapid conversion of new high technologies and achievements.Attempting to solve the above mentioned problems, CIAC has undertaken some efforts recently. In this article, the status of achievement conversions was analyzed based on comprehensive investigations and summarization. Learning from some historical important conversion cases occurred in CIAC and current developments, combining with existed practical problems, we bring up some proposals for current and future achievement conversions. The major strategies could be covered by following aspects: Enhancing the merge between S&D (science and technology) and capital; Inspiring the researchers' innovative passions; Increasing the allocation portion of involved technical ingredients; Collaborating with government and enterprises; Boosting the enthusiasms of participated scientific and technological practitioner; Constructing pilot platforms, Fostering promising projects together, Promoting achievement conversions and industrializations; Recruiting professional talent personnel; Strengthening the conversion consciousness and so on.The present work focused on analyzing the mechanism of transformation of scientific and technological achievements. We also discussed some aspects existed in the process of transformation, such as system mechanism, funding, platform building, environment and talents, etc. We brought out some methods and considerations about the transformation of scientific and technological achievements based on the mode of "government, product, study, research, finance and agency".The methods for promoting the transformation of achievements mainly reflect in five aspects. Firstly, strengthen the macroscopical management system reform, improve the mechanism of adjustments and controls. We proposed the management mode should substitute "the officer helps" for "the officer in charge". Secondly, carry out classified managing, improve the operating mechanism of all kinds of scientific and technological types. We should manage the scientific activities according to the scientific research characteristics, discipline advantage and the fund mode. Namely, we should set up corresponding operating mechanism follow one's own characteristics. Thirdly, set up the scientific research mode based on the market activity. We should insist on the management mode of scientific research taking market as direction, which will promote the researchers to do more projects related to the market and pay more attentions to the transformation of achievements. Fourthly, set up the evaluation mechanism in favor of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. We should change the situations which pay more attention to technology but neglect transformation based on the new evaluation mechanism. Fifthly, strengthen evaluation before set up the scientific research and examination after the scientific research. The administrative department of scientific research should pay full attentions to the factors of transformations, strengthen evaluation in earlier stage based on the current examines.Relation to the mode of "government, product, study, research, finance and agency", we proposed a principle that integrated science and technology with economy together. The principle should pay attention to three pieces of organic integrations as follows. Firstly, combine the continuity with exploit about the direction of transformation of scientific and technological achievements together. Secondly, combine the help of government with operation mechanism according to market together. Thirdly, combine the innovation with practice about the transformation of achievements together. |
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