Comparison Research On The New Life Movement And The Rural Reconstruction Movement During The Republican Period

In the 20th century 30's, China was being in the abyss of suffering internal disorder and foreign invasions. The innumerable people with lofty ideals thought deeply about how could save the people and make the nation stronger. After 1932, the social economy and agricultural economy bordered on the collapse edge. The ruined agricultural economy brought the serious social questions. The man of insight has been explored positively for the road of village transformation. In 1934, Liang Shuming proposed the integrity system of the Rural Reconstruction theory. He also has formed mature village order view and analyzed the Chinese rural society's past and the present situation, especially proposed the plan for construction new rural societyAs the national government also realized the severe situation, in order to get rid of the dominant difficult position, on February 19 in the same year, Chiang Kai-Shek in Nanchang gave a public lecture on the essential meaning of the new life movement" and announced "the start of the new life movement". The new life movement therefore initiated, with "bandits suppression", having the very closed relations, but this was not its main goal. The new life movement main goal is "the national revival", he is "the national revival" this slogan initiated. Liang Shuming, who was one of the leaders of the Rural Reconstruction Movement, took solving life problem and the Chinese countryside question as his own final life pursue. He made the rural construction movement as the beginning of the social reform spot, contrasting the China and the West culture as the main method to explore the Chinese modernization, the philosophy as the culture ideology the rationale. But Chiang Kai-Shek's new life movement theory, originated in Confucianist culture deeply, in addition Wang yangming's positive theory, Confucianist's Three People's Principles of Sun Yat-sen, as well as Japan, Germany revival and so on all had the very heavy inspiration to him, finally constituted his this set of theory.This article makes every effort to the manner which rigorously strives for realism, carring on the inspection to evolution course of Liang Shuming's Rural Reconstruction Movement, and Chiang Kai-Shek's new life movement ,which longitudinal and runs amuck, promulgates influence factor which the society transforms.The village construction movement and the new life movement are the same, all has the society to improve the nature. Because of direct participation by Kuomintang, therefore new life movement the movement society to improve the nature to have the strong political color, caused the new life movement to turn for strengthened Kuomintang the movement which carried on in the countryside rule. Although Liang Shuming's Rural Reconstruction Movement, is for the countryside revival, but because could not clearly recognize at that time society's principal contradiction, walked the social improvement archery target path, eventually also has not succeeded. Because of this, the new life movement and the Rural Reconstruction Movement, all did not gain the victory finally .had not been able to change the Chinese city and the countryside backwardness appearance, has not been able to save the entire society the deterioration, has not been able enable the farmer to get rid impoverished.. Its reason is various, but the key is the new life movement certainly is not embarks from the countryside reality, certainly not truly considers for the farmer benefitThese enlightenment from history tells us, only the truly embarking from the social development direction, from the society, the countryside actually embarks, truly considering for the farmers, fully arousing farmer's enthusiasm, three agricultural questions can obtain the effective addressing, the well-off society's construction goal only then cannot be remote.