Researching Approaches On Building Public Technological Service System Of Medium And Small-sized Enterprises

Independent innovation ability is the core of national competitiveness. Reinforcing independent innovation is the strategy base point that our country science and technology develops. Under market economy condition, enterprise has the position and effect having no but replacing in technological innovation. Only rely mainly on enterprise, could adhere to the market direction of technological innovation, combine the strength of production, teaching and research effectively, accelerate the industrialization of the technological innovation achievement. Science and technology resource is the lifeline of driving technological innovation. In scientific and technological resource distribution, government and market are taking on different roles,"tangible hand"and"invisible hand"are playing different roles. Only insisting on well combining government's behavior and market mechanism together, could stimulate the innovative vigor of enterprises and the whole society effectively.Public technological service, mean the government, scientific research institution and scientific and technological intermediary organizations are in order to meet enterprise's technological demand, adopting a series of supporting measures that promote technological innovation, transformation and change. The public technological service is one process with which technological demand is satisfied by supply of technology, including technological innovation, technological transformation, technological conversion, the key content is technological innovation. To drive public technological service, government is the leading force, university, research academies and institutes, society science and technology intermediary services organize, the enterprise technology centre that the government aids financially is a participation strength. Enterprises are a main target of the public technological service, it is a basic goal of the public technological service to promote enterprise's technological innovation. Public technological service includes the administration to technology affairs, and supplying common products such as tangible science and technology facilities, science and technology resource and intangible laws and statutes, policy system etc.These public products have the characteristic property being not exclusiveness and non-competitiveness, it makes that the government function can be brought into full play in market economy condition.Medium-sized and small enterprises, and big enterprise have, divide the work each at technological innovation, all have advantage and deficiency. The "inherence defect " of the medium-sized and small enterprises is that fund throws into technological innovation mainly few; attraction is insufficient to high and new technology talented person; market information is asymmetric; be short of the marketplace control force; Government, financial department support to small and medium-sized enterprises of " phased lagging ". Therefor medium-sized and small enterprises must step off a road of its own in technological innovation, On one hand play an inherent role, choose and adjust the innovative route scientifically, keep the innovative advantage; On the other hand, need to set up the high-efficient and orderly public technological service system of small and medium-sized enterprises from the aspect of public organization. The meaning of the public technological service system of small and medium-sized enterprises is: The government, scientific research institution, scientific and technological intermediary, in order to improve the technological innovation ability of small and and medium-sized enterprises, through administration, marketization, socialized means, transform around technological innovation, technological transformation, technology, support system set up in such aspects as policy. Divide according to content, small and medium-sized enterprises public technological service system mainly include supply of technology system, policy ensure the system, Culture promotes the system, personnel training system. Building common technical service of Jilin province medium-sized and small enterprises system is the shift of the government functions objective requirement, It is the important action of building innovative Jilin, it is an important means to improve technological innovation ability of small and medium-sized enterprises. Under market economy condition, the government may drive a technology to circulate and change as commodity participation , drive enterprise to become the main body that technological innovation major investor , the research and development main body and science and technology apply. Jilin Province lacks the key technology with independent intellectual property right at present, the degree of self-sufficiency of key technology is relatively low, Through setting up the public technological service system of small and medium-sized enterprises, help to promote the forming of the innovative system in the area, Use the enterprise being connected on geographical feature on approximation , economy , study organization , university , science and technology intermediary organizations, The cluster is core with estate , draws support from and natural cluster process , creates the technology having economic value , knowledge diffusing and applying , drive regional economies to develop commonly.The subject problem existing in public technological service of small and medium-sized enterprises is: Firstly, Scientific and technological resource distribution is unreasonable. On the means, rely mainly on the fact that the administration means are disposed, marketization disposes the proportion very small; On the overall arrangement, the scientific and technological resources in the key city are too centralized, but Scientific and technological resources in the small and medium-sized cities are not many seriously. On supporting priority, pay attention to holding out to the basic research policy , ignoring that the policy to application study holds out. Secondly, System and policy have defects. Several policies of the public technological service of small and medium-sized enterprises can't be implemented effectively yet; The policy legislates to obviously lag behind; The total amount of project fund of centring on technological innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises is small, too scattered. Thirdly,technological transformation forms " the bottleneck ". The scientific and technological intermediary's development is slow; The technological transformation channel is single, mainly depend on buying and selling the patented technology; Governments are not enough to attention and support of technological transformation; The enterprise, university, scientific research institution lack cooperation. Fourthly, The innovative culture development is slow. The innovative culture of the cooperative type has not been set up yet; Innovative culture has not formed the mainstream in small and medium-sized enterprises; Entrepreneurs generally lack " the spirit of entrepreneurship ". The existence of these problems influences the effective operation of the public technological service seriously. USA , the developed countries such as Germany, Japan have got a lot of experience in common technical service of medium-sized and small enterprises system construction aspect, these countries pay attention to strengthening the legislation to technological transformation, Cultivation of the technological intermediary. To the support of the entrepreneurs of small and medium-sized enterprises, have meaning of using for reference in Jilin Province.It is an intact systematic association. The interaction between each system, has formed the effect of enlarging, make public technological service system form benign cycle,promote and form industry's cluster of small and medium-sized enterprises finally, finish the industry upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises. Set up to the route of the public technological service system of small and medium-sized enterprises:Firstly, set up the system of supply of technology. Centre on the key industry's development plan in Jilin Province, Insist on relying mainly on enterprise, market-oriented, Pass the agreement relation, Lead the enterprise, university, scientific research institutions to set up common input, the production, teaching, research alliances of developing jointly, benefits-sharing, shared risks. Surround development of Jilin province automobile estate such as component and part , fine chemicals , production of highly processed agricultural products, rely on the university, scientific research institute and technique center of large-scale enterprises, put one's back into through government's effective increment, activate stock resources, set up the public technological service platforms of professional, public beneficial, opening, informationization, Break resources and disperse, close, monopolize the state, promote application technology to transform, Promote the whole engineering level of the industry. Adhere to the overall planning, rational overall arrangement, Rely on the garden, combine resources, the principle of pushing in the government, operation of market, Set up the incubator of small enterprise, establish the foundation for forming the new " technological source ".Secondly,set up the policy and ensure the system. Further improve the financial support policy, expand the scale of special fund progressively, drive a special fund to tackle key problems in science and technology allocation of resources , the significant project waiting for aspect to produce a marked effect. Sort out to every special fund at the same time and adjustment, promote the special fund to slope to innovative enterprises. Set up the scientific and technological type enterprise's risk investment funds of Jilin Province, construct effective resource-sharing, interests incentive mechanism of the shared risks and tied mechanism of the risk. Put tax revenue preferential measures into practice actively. Intermediary organizations , the enterprise technology study hair , results transferring , the technology trains , technical advice , technical service , technology are contracted by to university , research academies and institutes , science and technology to wait to enlarge preferential tax treatment. Unceasingly perfect financing policy , the government ought to reinforce the cooperation with every banking institution , the finance enlarging to enterprise technological innovation holds out , the perfect finance serves , the system pushing forward the multiple echelons credit assurance at the same time actively builds.Thirdly,building of the cultural promoting system . The project should be put into practice to innovate the social culture, on the one hand, it can promote the entire society to emancipate the mind , renew the concept and be brave to be innovative , and on the other hand, it can advocate and form a value of the learning equality , fair competition , honesty and trustworthines. The project should be Put into practice to innovate the administration culture and at the same time , an administrative concept should be set up to respect, encourage and support the creativity in the administrative organization. In the mean time, we should positively promote the working creativity of the governmental officials. The project should be Put into pratice to innovate the culture in the enterprises. On the one hand, we should cultivate the entrepreneur spirit , team spirit , the spirit working together energetically within the enterprise, and build the incentive mechanism to hold out the innovation; on the other hand, weshould positively promote the technologial communication and cooperation among the enteprise, optimise the creatitive resource to build the cooperation mechanism of mutually benefit by taking culture as link.Fourthly,building of the personnel training system. The project should be put into practice to extend the quality of the entrepreneur,and try to train and educate their creativity and at the same time, we can arrange the entrepreneurto communicate and exchange ideas with the business orginization in the developed region or the developed countries in order to guide them to strengthen their independent innovative consciousness. We must make significant efforts to to propagate and praise the talented persons who concentrate their efforts on the innovation and perform a project to train the technological elite and build human resource databank in Jilin province for the technological elite and promote the service to them so that we can provide a better condittion for the scientific development of the technological elite.in the mean time, we can arrange the technological elite to connect with the medium-sized and small enterprises and offer an opportunity for them to work together to improve the self-supporting ability of industrial technology in Jilin province. a projectshould be Put into practice to train ten thousand bosses of the small-scaled business to help them to realize their innovative undertaking by the means of technological traning, providing loans and the cooperation with the technological elite.