| Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has achieved remarkable results. But along with rapid economic growth, a number of structural problems in the economic development have been accumulated over and gradually highlighted. The regional inequality in income of rural residents was especially prominent. China's rural population has accounted for a majority, and rural economy's balanceable and healthy development has already become the most important factor to the whole country's sustainable economic development and social stability. Currently, to a certain extent, rural residents' income inequality in the region has become a "bottleneck", which has been constraining the whole country's healthy economic development. Therefore, we need to give this issue in-depth research and analysis. By the means of the study, we can find the practical reform measures to achieve the great goal of"building a harmonious society".We start our research by analysis the indicators of inequality measure. First an axiomatic framework is given to evaluate the measurement of inequality. Then we make comparative analysis on the nature and structure of different indicators within this framework. On this basis, by giving the in-depth analysis on the different decomposition of the Gini coefficient and Theil index, we have obtained the theoretical standard of inequality measurement selection in the empirical study.In the second part of this paper, we make a decomposition analysis on the regional inequality of the rural residents'income. We do this on the purpose of making a comprehensive and accurate grasp of China's rural residents'regional income inequality, spatial structure, sources of income distribution and the trend of changes from different perspectives. By using the decomposition of the Theil index and the Gini coefficient in different aspects, further studies have been made to analysis the composition and changing path of China's rural residents'income inequality in spatial scale and sources of income in the span of 20 years since reform and opening up.The third part of this paper is to explore the factors which affect the regional inequality of rural residents'income -- rural public goods inequality. Through the establishment of a Cobb-Douglas model which includes rural public goods as the elements of the product, we analyze the marginal impact of the various rural public goods provision on the income of rural residents. Accompanying with the statistics of public goods provision in different regions, we make the corresponding empirical analysis. In addition, the optimal option for the provision priority of public goods in rural areas has been given a brief discussion.At the end of this paper, we evaluate the regional economic strategy and policies formulated by central government in the past fifty years. Further more, we summarize a few policy recommendations to reducing the regional inequality of rural residents'income. |
