Research On The Changes Of Land Use Structure In Changsha Urban Area And Its Optimization

Many people with little land is our basic national conditions. With the gradual acceleration of urbanization, the contradictions between the scarcity of land supply and increasing land demand are becoming increasingly evident, so, in order to get sustainable development in every city, there are a lot of problems that need urgent solution, such as optimizing land resources, using land in Pareto Optimality way that reflects the regional characteristics.Aiming at optimizing the land use structure of Changsha urban area, this paper analyzes the changes of land use structure in 1995-2005 and its trends, the existing problems and its root, the direction to optimize and its institutional safeguard by applying the theory of economics, ecology, geography and so on: Firstly, the mainstream change of land use structure is that lots of agricultural land is occupied by constructional land more and more fast by applying some indexes such as the transfer matrix of land use; Secondly, based on the model of Markov model, this paper forecasts that the proportion of constructional land will add up to 52.32% in 2015, at the same time, the proportion of arable land, horticultural land, forest land, rangeland and water body will change from 34:8:30:0:28 in 2005 to 31:9:29:0:31 in 2015; Thirdly, by using the economics of resource and environment and other sciences, the existing problems in land use structure change are founded, which are mainly as follows: the situation of protecting arable land is serious; the distributions of land resources are not reasonable; the economic effect of land use needs to raise; the ecological functionability of land is deteriorated; the social benefits of land use is low—the source of such irrational change can be attributed to market failure and government failure; Forthly, as is represented by linear program, the area of arable land, horticultural land, forest land, rangeland, constructional land, water body and unutilized land in 2015 should be 8360.54hm2, 2983.76 hm2, 9041.69hm2, 9.69 hm2, 27316.21 hm2, 6257.62 hm2, 1663.90 hm2 respectively by using the lingo software; Finally, taking the current situation, the trends of land use structure, the existing problems and its root into account, some institutional safeguards are given, which include the internalization of externalities in land use behavior, the effective protection of arable land, the economical and intensive use of constructional land, the check system of official achievement and reform in fiscal & taxation system.