Research Of Establishing And Improving Rural Old Age Security System

At present, three ways of security, family support, farmland's security and rural social insurance promulgated by Ministry of Civil Affairs, consist the rural old age security system. However, with families shifting from traditional extended families to nuclear families and the position of old people in the family declining, the aged can not get enough care form their offspring, and the sanction of traditional moral is also diminishing, so the function of family-based old age security is tending to decline. For long time, the farmland have been regarded as a"natural security"for peasant, but, due to the increasing peasants and decreasing area of farmland there are more and more unemployed peasants, they can not get sufficient security from farmland. And, even if for those who still go in for agricultural work, they either can not live only by agricultural incomes. In the process of industrialization and civilization, a lot of farmland become non-farmland, without reasonable farmland liquidity rule, the landless peasants don't get enough compensation, the farmland totally loss it's security function for these landless peasants. At last, the rural social insurance can not reach it's original goal, because the institution has some demerit limited it's function, and for some peasants can not attend insurance system, because they have not enough money and don't get any help form government and collective. There isn't any way of security working on well in rural area, so for rural old people they need a new institution to ensure old age support urgently.Although there is the demand for a new institution, yet supplying an institution is a government monopoly, only those accord with government preferences will be supply in time. In china, the government has always regarded the development of economy as the center of work. If supplying a new institution benefit to the development of economy, the government will think it necessary to supply a new institution. Establishing and improving rural old age security system will help labors transfer from agricultural section to non-agricultural section, and through diminishing the security function of farmland, the peasant will agree to shift their farmland to non-farmland, which will satisfy the demand for land resource in the process of industrialization and civilization.Supply a new institution will cost lot, only when the economy reaches certain level, we will own the ability to bear this kind of cost. Through comparing with other countries that had established rural old age security system, we find some indexes, such as capita GNP and output of agriculture to GNP ratio, are higher that the standards when those country establish their system. So at present, we try to set a new system for rural old age is accordance with the...