A Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Rural Population Urbanization

As a developing country, China has a large population. Agricultural sector obtains employment overstaffedly. The industrialization is in a state of low level. The dualistic economic structure segment urban and rural areas lead to the fact that urban and rural residents have great disparity in income consumption and live enormous of quality. A large number of agricultural surplus labors are in bond on the limited land, agricultural comparative labor productivity is too low which deduce the "San-Nong" issue significantly. The adjustment of the policy has promoted the development of rural economy and promoted the transferring of the agricultural surplus labor at the same time, since Reform and Opening-up policy in 1978. In China, the migration of agricultural surplus labor has following ways: Firstly, they can enter the non-agricultural sector in rural area, such as the township enterprises. This is the way called on the spot. Secondly, the agricultural labor move into cities to obtain employment. It is the way called migration in a kind of strange land, this kind of approach in China today is shown as many peasants going down town to work..The article is on the premise of the law of urbanization and under the background of accelerating urbanization paces day by day in China. We probe into the agricultural surplus labor from country to move into city which represent the agricultural surplus labor goes down town. In this article, the author regard peasants as a decision-making body and make peasants who going down town as the representatives of migration. The article mainly surveys the cost and benefit of such behaviors. Although urbanization is clear day by day, it is necessary to reveal why not so many peasants flow into city blindly? Why the bottom to top development model did not appear in China? All of the research in theory and practice are under the doubt above. On the base of the final outcome, we find the variance between revenue and cost that peasant go down town is not significantly as imagination. So peasants go down town can not affair to subside but appear typical transient type flows. The purpose of this article is to indicate institution arrangement between city and country lead to high cost but low revenue. So the conclusion of this article is that the supply of the institution needs to meet the demand, the government should set up the system which is favorable to the urbanization. The arrangement of this thesis as follows: Chapter 1 is the incentive of research and intention. It first advances the issue of research...